24 DEFENCE FORCE JOURNAL No. <strong>14</strong>, JAN FEB 79with horses than with any other animal. Thedonkeys used were not, in mountain countryat least, very successful.Long Range PatrollingThe subject of long range patrolling and ofoperations carried out deeply (if the enemyoccupied parts of the north), and for indefiniteperiods, is a subject needing a careful approachif the concept of the NAOU is to be maintained.There is a tendency to consider that apatrol operating at long range and deeply,though it may do so for intelligence purposesonly, has within its structure, no matter howsmall or how equipped, the ability or thecapacity to carry out tasks in the nature of,for example, a sudden, small, limited, offensiveoperation, or to use its 'locale of patrol' toharass or disrupt the enemy. It might even beconsidered that this should be the principalpurpose of such patrols and other purposessecondary ones.It is obvious from what has already beenrelated that the NAOU could carry out withease, and in all seasons and over all sorts ofterrain, by day and by night, the longest oflong range patrols. Patrols of distances of 300and 500 miles, locating water as they went andliving off the land (for which purpose thepatrols were issued with shotguns to shootgame) and with no resupply, were organizedwithout fear. By the aid of water location andcaches of food, ammunition, medical suppliesand other needs, the patrols could, and did,continue to the limits of geography, pressingon through the bush, their clothing often intatters, saddlery hanging together with makeshiftrepairs, to come along, with no previousgroup with which to compare them, except perhapsthe Boer Commandos, with long beardsdown their chests after months on end in thebush, their hats and other gear worn out byexposure. Some of them after a second dryseason after a long 'Wet' spent out in the open,resembled nothing else but a group of bushrangers,reincarnated from an Australia of longago, as they rode into sight after a long patrol,appearing from among the trees as a long lineof riders and packhorses, coming on quietly.the horses nose to tail, with an occasionaljingle from the saddlery. Ragged they lookedand dangerous to tangle with, for bush scoutingdoes things to a man.It is with the difference in the intent of suchlong range patrols, that the difference betweenthe NAOU and certain modern units of a verysimilar nature and tradition is found. Stannerhas said there is a world of difference betweena unit manned, equipped and backed up, to goout and pick a fight at a great distance fromBig Brother, and (all technology and communicationsapart) one like the NAOU, whichwas manned, equipped and sent out into theblue, with a tight, limited, but positive role.The Hush VedettesWhen the NAOU began its operations andits roving patrols went out into the bush andstayed there, they were to act as vedettes, asmounted sentries patrolling and stationed awayfrom the outposts of NT <strong>Force</strong> itself. Thewatch and surveillance of the coast for theenemy landing apart, the essential role ofNAOU was to be through its patrols and OPs,the scouting and the reconnaissance of theenemy for the GOC NT <strong>Force</strong>, wherever theenemy might be, or move to, in the bush ofthe north of Australia from Queensland to theKimberleys.The important thing about the NAOU patrolswas that they were to be like shadows, hidingin the bush, coming out to scout the enemy'smoves and to report them to NT <strong>Force</strong>, andto keep on reporting them no matter what, sothat NT <strong>Force</strong> would not be caught unawaresupon its flanks, and then to return to theirhide-outs, to use the bush as their naturalelement, for its survival values as well as forits military values, for food, water, rest andshelter and recreation for tired bodies, as wellas for concealment, secrecy, surprise and as ahide-out for supplies, signal-posts and horseyards.They were prepared to stay out in thebush until kingdom-come.Certainly the NAOU patrols could hit theenemy and hurt him, if the chance arose,providing the patrol could get away quicklyafterwards, to hide again in its bush cover.The NAOU patrols actually were well preparedfor such events as these. Each patrolwas heavily armed with the 50-round drumtype of Thompson sub-machine guns as wellas rifles and grenades, a rare fire power insmall arms even for special units in those days.Carrying the ammunition for the SMGs wasalways a weighty problem in more ways than
THE SURVEILLANCE OF NORTHERN AUSTRALIA 2>one, especially as to re-supply, if action didoccur.Stanner has said that he used to be hauntedby thoughts that elements of the NAOU wouldget involved in needless, close-contact fightswith the enemy, resulting in NAOU personnelbeing wounded and with absolutely no meansof casualty evacuation, and as well, by doingso, just for the satisfaction of the fight, leavingthe true role of shadowing, watching andreporting upon the enemy.A NAOU Bush Scout's DiaryIt is worth quoting here an entry from adiary of comments on scouting and patrollingin the bush by the NAOU, as follows:"We eat what we can shoot, and carry shotgunsfor that; we kill beef and make it intosalt meat the way they did years ago, and thereis damper made the way that drovers do in acamp oven and the coals of our fire, when wesee fit to make one. When we stop at the endof each day's march, we place the pack saddlesin a row, taking our bed-rolls, which have beenstrapped crossways over the pack saddles, offto make each our one night's home beneaththe stars, or if it is raining to seek the off windside of trees."We sleep on the ground after watering thehorses; we each have at least one or two toride and one or two are also ours to see totheir packs; the horses know us all by nowand teach us a lesson in patience as they waitto be unsaddled. We strip them completely;some we rub down, favourites I suppose, butwe look at all their feet and cheek each daytheir shoes and look them all over for sorebacks or for saddlery that really was not aswell balanced as we thought."It is good to watch our horses at the waterhole,they stand in it and blow water with theirnostrils', heavens, how much they drink! Theywill drink it dry we fear. We drink it too,brown, churned up, how strange it was to thinkthat water is always white and crystal clear,no, white is not the word, but brown will do,or else we strain it until it seems clear enoughin a billy full of black tealeaves, which presentlyis on the boil. They stand around us,the horses in their hobbles, they need eachother in their bush friendship, and even us itseems."We seldom wash and our clothes start towear to pieces on our bodies; we do not wearthe woollen breeches we started off with butjust the ordinary long trousers that all soldierswear, but ours are all wrinkled up in curves."We find that we can do without manythings out on patrol, and though we miss them,there comes a sense of pleasure after a whilefrom being the complete master of oneself andall one's possessions."During the night one of us is awake inturns for sentry and to watch the horses andbefore dawn, at what they call 'piccaninnydaylight', the last watch and also our faithfultracker (who is called 'Lightning') get the firestarted anew for breakfast. The horses havebeen grazing and sleeping through the nightand now wait to have their hobbles off and besaddled up.(<strong>Australian</strong> War Memorial Neg. 58473)Mounted detachment of NAOU."Up you get into the saddle, your waterbottleon one shoulder (you learn not to hangeverything on the saddle), and there is theproblem of one's rifle (no rifle-buckets, please,on this patrol), it is better carried over yourshoulders on its sling, and there is the shotgunto carry, whose turn is it today?"And do not forget your bandolier, please,with its ninety rounds, wear it yourself androuse on those who would dangle its weightaround their horse's neck. And so we go; itsall the same whether you head out for a dayor for a month, it matters not; only where'snext water's our only problem."Above all others, this bush life does developyour faculties, sharpen your senses of hearing