ISSUE 14 : Jan/Feb - 1979 - Australian Defence Force Journal

52 DEFENCE FORCE JOURNAL No. 14, JAN/FEB 19d. Control then adjudicates and feeds theresult of the adjudication back to theplayer teams.e. The player teams on receiving the result ofadjudication make adjustments to theirplans, re-submit and so the cycle isrepeated.This continuing process emphasises theessential difference between a war-game and aTEWT. In a TEWT a series of problems is set.In a war-game only the initial problem is issuedto player teams. From then on it is the result ofadjudication that determines the sequence andtype of problems that are presented to theplayer teams.ControlControl has two important roles, the firstbeing game management and the second beingadjudication.• Game Management. The mostimportant area of game management is toensure that the conduct of play meets thegame objectives and to ensure that acomfortable relationship between gametime and real time exists.• Adjudication. The adjudication rules asemployed in a training war-game aredesigned to give the controller aquantitative guide to assist him to make aqualitative judgement. The basis ofadjudication in combat engagement is theFire Power Score whose value is ameasure of the Combat Power of a Force.The adjudication process employsprobabilistic rules which were obtainedfrom US training games. The rules havebeen developed from data obtained fromWorld War II and the Korean War andupdated as a result of training exercisesand improved technology.The Player's RolePlayer teams must undertake the followingactivities:• Prepare a plan with associated orders.• Cain intelligence.• As the intelligence base develops, furtherdevelope plans to cover the new situation.The Adjudicator's RoleThe adjudication sequence is as follows:• Determine physical limitations, weather,visibility;• Determine intelligence (sightings);• Adjudicate any independent engagementssuch as artillery, air or armour duals;• Adjudicate the results of combined armsengagements. A more detailed descriptionof the method of adjudication will becovered in a later article. The controlteams must at all times be aware of thedual role of control; that is, gamemanagement and adjudication.The employment of war-games intrainingWar-games may be employed in three ways:• As an aid to Instruction. In this form ofplay the war-game resembles the modelexercise employing simplifiedadjudication rules and maximum playerparticipation. Here player teams arepresented with problems pertaining toboth the Red and Blue forces with theinstructor carrying out the adjudicationand the player teams (students) reacting inturn to the adjudication and the result oftheir plan. An example of the use of thistype of play would be in providinginstruction in the Phases of War or theidentifying of movements problems atterminals.• The Testing of Concepts andProposed Doctrine. In this role theapproach to play would be more generaland imaginative, fewer players would berequired and several repeats of play mightbe required. Possible requirements forwar-games in this role would be toestablish criteria for, say, the role ofmechanised infantry, the development ofa large scale field exercise, theemployment of containers in a supplysystem and the providing of assistance toconcepts teams.• Staff Work. War-games provide trainingfor HQ staff. In this role game play mustadhere to all the requirements of standingoperating procedures and staffprocedures.Essential Requirements of Game PlayThere are three important requirements ofgame play that have to be considered. These areas follows:• the recording of game play data;• analysis of data; and