Harpers

666 / INDEXHexose monophosphate shunt. See Pentosephosphate pathwayHexoses, 102, 102tin glycoproteins, 109tmetabolism of, 163–166, 164f, 165f,167f. See also Pentose phosphatepathwayclinical aspects of, 169–172physiologic importance of, 105, 105tHFE mutations, in hemochromatosis,586–587HGP. See Human Genome ProjectHhaI, 399tHierarchical shotgun sequencing, 634High altitude, adaptation to, 46High-density lipoproteins, 205, 206tapolipoproteins of, 205–206, 206tatherosclerosis and, 210–211, 227metabolism of, 209–211, 211fratio of to low-density lipoproteins, 227receptor for, 210, 211fHigh-density microarray technology, 412High-energy phosphates, 83. See also ATPin energy capture and transfer, 82–83,82f, 82t, 83fas “energy currency” of cell, 83–85, 84f,85fsymbol designating, 83transport of, creatine phosphate shuttlein, 100, 101fHigh-mannose oligosaccharides, 521,522fformation of, 521, 524High-molecular-weight kininogen, 599f, 600High-performance liquid chromatography,reversed phase, for protein/peptide purification, 23–24Hill coefficient, 67Hill equation, 66–67, 67fHindered environment, for heme iron, 41,41fHindIII, 399tHinge regionimmunoglobulin, 591, 592fnuclear receptor protein, 460Hippuric acid/hippurate, synthesis of, 264,265fHistamine, 621tformation of, 265Histidase, impaired, 250Histidine, 16t, 265, 265fβ-alanyl dipeptides and, 264, 265fcatabolism of, 250, 251fconserved residues and, 55tdecarboxylation of, 265in oxygen binding, 40, 41frequirements for, 480Histidine 57, in covalent catalysis, 53–54,54fHistidine E7, in oxygen binding,40, 41fHistidine F8in oxygen binding, 40, 41freplacement of in hemoglobin M, 46Histidinemia, 250Histone acetyltransferase activity, ofcoactivators, 383, 472, 473Histone chaperones, 315Histone dimer, 315Histone octamer, 315, 315fHistone tetramer, 314–315, 315Histones, 314, 314–315, 315f, 315tacetylation and deacetylation of, geneexpression affected by, 383HIV-I, glycoproteins in attachment of, 533HIV protease, in acid-base catalysis, 52, 53fHMG-CoA. See 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoAHMM. See Heavy meromyosinhMSH1/hMSH2, in colon cancer, 336HNCC. See Hereditary nonpolyposis coloncancerhnRNA. See Heterogeneous nuclear RNAHolocarboxylase synthetase, biotin ascoenzyme of, 494Homeostasisblood in maintenance of, 580hormone signal transduction inregulation of, 456, 457fHomocarnosine, 264, 265fHomocarnosinosis, 264Homocysteinein cysteine and homoserine synthesis,238–239, 239ffunctional folate deficiency and, 494Homocystinurias, 250vitamin B 12 deficiency/functional folatedeficiency and, 492f, 494Homodimers, 34Homogentisate, in tyrosine catabolism,254f, 255Homogentisate dioxygenase/oxidase, 89deficiency of, in alkaptonuria, 255Homologyconserved residues and, 54, 55tin protein classification, 30Homopolymer tailing, 399Homoserine, synthesis of, 239, 239fHormone-dependent cancer, vitamin B 6deficiency and, 491Hormone response elements, 349, 386,388f, 456–457, 459t, 469, 470fHormone-sensitive lipase, 214–215, 214finsulin affecting, 215Hormones. See also specific typein blood glucose regulation, 159classification of, 436–437, 437tfacilitated diffusion regulated by, 427glycoproteins as, 514lipid metabolism regulated by, 215–217,216fin metabolic control, 128f, 129receptors for, 435–436, 436f, 471proteins as, 436recognition and coupling domains on,435–436specificity/selectivity of, 435, 436fsignal transduction and, 456–473intracellular messengers and,457–468, 461t, 463tresponse to stimulus and, 456, 457fsignal generation and, 456–457, 458f,459f, 459ttranscription modulation and,468–473, 470f, 471f, 472tstimulus recognition by, 456, 457fstorage/secretion of, 453, 454tsynthesis ofchemical diversity of, 438, 439fcholesterol in, 438, 438–445, 439t,440fpeptide precursors and, 449–453specialization of, 437tyrosine in, 438, 439–449, 439ttarget cells for, 434–435, 435ttransport of, 454–455, 454t, 455tvitamin D as, 484–486Housekeeping genes, 376Hp. See HaptoglobinHpaI, 399tHPETE. See HydroperoxidesHPLC. See High-performance liquidchromatographyHREs. See Hormone response elementsHRPT. See Hypoxanthine-guaninephosphoribosyl transferasehsp60/hsp70, as chaperones, 36–375HT (5-hydroxytryptamine). See SerotoninHuman chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), 438Human Genome Project, 3–4, 633–641approaches used in elucidation of, 634,635tfuture work and, 637goals of, 633–635implications of, 637–638major findings of, 636–637, 636t, 637tprotein sequencing and, 28Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-I),glycoproteins in attachment of,533Hunter syndrome, 546tHurler syndrome, 546tHurler-Scheie syndrome, 546tHyaluronic acid, 109, 109f, 543, 544f, 544tdisease associations and, 548functions of, 547Hyaluronidase, 547Hybrid glycoproteins, 521, 522fformation of, 521Hybrid mapping, radiation, 635tHybridization, 397, 403–404, 413in situ, in gene mapping, 406–407, 407t,635t