Harpers

INDEX / 667Hybridomas, 595–596, 596fHydrocortisone. See CortisolHydrogen bonds, 5, 6fin DNA, 303, 304, 305fHydrogen ion concentration. See also pHenzyme-catalyzed reaction rate affectedby, 64, 64fHydrogen peroxideglutathione in decomposition of, 629as hydroperoxidase substrate, 88–89production of in respiratory burst, 622Hydrogen sulfide, respiratory chain affectedby, 95, 96fHydrolases, 50cholesteryl ester, 223fumarylacetoacetate, defect at, intyrosinemia, 255gluconolactone, 163, 165flysosomal, deficiencies of, 532–533, 533tHydrolysis (hydrolytic reactions), 7–8. Seealso specific reactionfree energy of, 82–83, 82tin glycogenolysis, 146, 146f, 148fof triacylglycerols, 197Hydropathy plot, 419Hydroperoxidases, 86, 88–89Hydroperoxides, formation of, 194, 195fHydrophilic compounds, hydroxylationproducing, 627Hydrophilic portion of lipid molecule, 119,120fHydrophobic effect, in lipid bilayer selfassembly,418Hydrophobic interaction chromatography,for protein/peptide purification,23Hydrophobic interactions, 6–7Hydrophobic portion of lipid molecule,119, 120fHydrostatic pressure, 580L(+)-3-Hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase,181, 182f3-Hydroxyanthranilate dioxygenase/oxygenase, 89Hydroxyapatite, 549D(–)-3-Hydroxybutyrate (β-hydroxybutyrate),183–184, 184fD(–)-3-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase,184, 184f24-Hydroxycalcidiol (24,25-dihydroxyvitaminD 3 ), in vitamin Dmetabolism, 484, 485f25-Hydroxycholecalciferol (calcidiol), invitamin D metabolism, 484, 485f4-Hydroxydicoumarin (dicumarol), 486Hydroxylamine, for polypeptide cleavage,26t7α-Hydroxylase, bile acid synthesisregulated by, 226, 226f, 22711β-Hydroxylase, in steroid synthesis, 440,441f17α-Hydroxylase, in steroid synthesis, 440,441f, 442, 443f18-Hydroxylase, in steroid synthesis, 440,441f21-Hydroxylase, in steroid synthesis, 440,441f27-Hydroxylase, sterol, 226Hydroxylase cycle, 89, 90fHydroxylases, 89–90in steroid synthesis, 438, 440, 441fHydroxylationin collagen processing, 537in covalent modification, mass increasesand, 27tof xenobiotics, 626, 626–628, 629tHydroxylysine, synthesis of, 2405-Hydroxymethylcytosine, 287, 289f3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA(HMG-CoA)in ketogenesis, 184–185, 185fin mevalonate synthesis, 219, 220f3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA(HMG-CoA) lyasedeficiency of, 188in ketogenesis, 185, 185f3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA(HMG-CoA) reductasecholesterol synthesis controlled by, 220,223fin mevalonate synthesis, 219, 220f3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA(HMG-CoA) synthasein ketogenesis, 185, 185fin mevalonate synthesis, 219, 220fp-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate, in tyrosinecatabolism, 254f, 25517-Hydroxypregnenolone, 440, 441f17-Hydroxyprogesterone, 440, 441fHydroxyprolinesynthesis of, 240, 240f, 535–537tropoelastin hydroxylation and, 5394-Hydroxyproline, catabolism of, 253f,2554-Hydroxyproline dehydrogenase, defect in,in hyperhydroxyprolinemia,25515-Hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase,1943β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, 438,441f, 442, 443f17β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, 442,443f5-Hydroxytryptamine. See SerotoninHyperalphalipoproteinemia, familial, 228tHyperammonemia, types 1 and 2, 247Hyperargininemia, 248Hyperbilirubinemia, 281–284, 284tHypercholesterolemia, 205familial, 1, 228t, 432tLDL receptor deficiency in, 209, 432tHyperchromicity of denaturation, 304–305Hyperglycemia. See also Diabetes mellitusglucagon causing, 161insulin release in response to, 466fHyperhomocysteinemia, folic acid supplementsin prevention of, 494Hyperhydroxyprolinemia, 255Hyperkalemic periodic paralysis, 569tHyperlacticacidemia, 212Hyperlipidemia, 170–171, 490Hyperlipoproteinemias, 205, 228t, 229familial, 228tHyperlysinemia, periodic, 258Hypermetabolism, 136, 479Hyperornithinemia-hyperammonemiasyndrome, 250Hyperoxaluria, primary, 250Hyperparathyroidism, bone and cartilageaffected in, 551tHyperphenylalaninemias, 255Hyperprolinemias, types I and II, 249–250Hypersensitive sites, chromatin, 316Hypersplenism, in hemolytic anemia, 619Hypertension, hyperhomocysteinemia and,folic acid supplements inprevention of, 494Hyperthermia, malignant, 556, 564–565,565f, 569tHypertriacylglycerolemiain diabetes mellitus, 205familial, 228tHypertrophic cardiomyopathy, familial,569–570, 570fHyperuricemia, 170–171, 300Hypervariable regions, 591–592, 594fHypoglycemia, 153fatty acid oxidation and, 180, 187–188fructose-induced, 171–172insulin excess causing, 162during pregnancy and in neonate, 161Hypoglycin, 180, 188Hypokalemic periodic paralysis, 569tHypolipidemic drugs, 229Hypolipoproteinemia, 205, 228t, 229Hypouricemia, 300Hypoxanthine, 289Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HRPT)defect of in Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, 300localization of gene for, 407tHypoxia, lactate production and, 136, 137f,139–140I. See Iodine/iodideI bands, 556, 557f, 558fI-cell disease, 431, 432t, 512t, 524, 530t,531–532, 532t, 546–547, 546tIbuprofen, cyclooxygenases affected by, 193ICAM-1, 529, 529tICAM-2, 529, 529tICF. See Intracellular fluid