Progress Amid Resistance

386 WOMEN’S RIGHTS IN THE MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICApursue careers. Women also suffer greater health effects from poverty inhouse holds headed by men, as the health of the male breadwinner and thechildren takes precedence over that of the financially dependent mother.Palestinian women’s rights organizations in general tend not to tackleissues involving veiling and women’s sexuality, 126 and are more vocal whenad dressing discrimination in economic or political rights. Nevertheless,secular women’s rights activists continue to demand that the PA respectin ternational conventions on gender-equality issues, which address the fullrange of women’s social and cultural rights.RecommendationsF The PA should increase its budget allocations and services for women’shealth programs, with a special focus on rural women.F The international donor community should finance modern and adequatehealth services for women, concentrating on illnesses that arecurrently not treatable inside the Palestinian territories, such as osteoporosisand breast and cervical cancer.F The Ministry of Health, in cooperation with Palestinian nongovernmentalorganizations, should ensure that mothers are provided withadequate prenatal and postnatal care, that women are educated aboutfamily planning, and that society is aware of the negative effects of earlymarriage on the health of women and girls.F The Israeli government should ensure that Palestinian women have ac -cess to hospitals through checkpoints, lifting closures of Gaza’s bordersif necessary.F The Ministry of Education and civil society organizations shouldcooperate to offer lectures and workshops that raise women’s awarenessof their social, health, and reproductive rights.AUTHORSuheir Azzouni is a Palestinian expert on gender and human rights.She established the offices of the Women’s Affairs Technical Committee(WATC) in the Palestinian territories, serving as general director from1994 to 2001. Ms. Azzouni worked as freelance trainer and researcherwith several international organizations, training hundreds of men andwomen in 20 countries. She prepared a manual on gender and educationfor UNESCO in 2004, and worked as adviser and as chief of the Centre