FLOW AROUND A CYLINDER - istiarto

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– xii – 5.6.3 Results of the simulation and comparison to the experimental data 5.31 5.6.4 Conclusions 5.44 5.7 Summary and conclusions 5.44 5.8 Recommendations for future works 5.45 References 5.48 Notations 5.48 6 Summary and Conclusions 6.1 6.1 The work 6.1 6.2 Results 6.1 6.2.1 Laboratory measurements 6.1 6.2.2 Numerical simulations 6.3 6.3 Conclusions 6.4 6.4 Recommendations for future works 6.5 Curriculum Vitae 7.1
Chapter 1 – 1.i – 1 Introduction 1.1 1.1 Flow around a cylinder................................................................................... 1.1 1.2 Objective and scope of the work .................................................................... 1.3 References................................................................................................................... 1.4
Page 1 and 2: FLOW AROUND A CYLINDER IN A SCOURED
Page 3 and 4: - iii - Flow around a Cylinder in a
Page 5 and 6: - v - Écoulement à Surface Libre
Page 7 and 8: - vii - Acknowledgements I wish to
Page 9 and 10: - ix - Table of Contents Abstract i
Page 11: - xi - 4.4 Pressure-velocity coupli
Page 15 and 16: 1 Introduction 1.1 Flow around a cy
Page 17 and 18: - 1.3 - pitot tubes. Ahmed and Raja
Page 19 and 20: Chapter 2 - 2.i - 2 Flow Measuremen
Page 21 and 22: 2 Flow Measurements Abstract - 2.1
Page 23 and 24: 2.1 Measurement design - 2.3 - The
Page 25 and 26: - 2.5 - The water circuit is a clos
Page 27 and 28: - 2.7 - Consider a target ―i‖ m
Page 29 and 30: - 2.9 - Obtaining the velocity comp
Page 31 and 32: - 2.11 - Fig. 2.4 Cartesian and cyl
Page 33 and 34: - 2.13 - transducer were used, a fo
Page 35 and 36: - 2.15 - typically needed for this
Page 37 and 38: - 2.17 - 2.3.3 Comparison to other
Page 39 and 40: - 2.19 - Fig. 2.7 Scour hole geomet
Page 41 and 42: - 2.21 - Fig. 2.8 Distributions of
Page 43 and 44: u ��u �� u� � Du exp�
Page 45 and 46: - 2.25 - �o , and accordingly the
Page 47 and 48: - 2.27 - Measurements in zone A. Th
Page 49 and 50: - 2.29 - and 0.3 u �� u ��
Page 51 and 52: - 2.31 - Fig. 2.12b Cont’d.
Page 53 and 54: - 2.33 - Fig. 2.12d Cont’d.
Page 55 and 56: 2.5.4 Measurements in the plane �
Page 57 and 58: - 2.37 - Fig. 2.13b Cont’d.
Page 59 and 60: - 2.39 - Fig. 2.13d Cont’d.
Page 61 and 62: - 2.41 - the solid boundary of the
Page 63 and 64:
- 2.43 - Fig. 2.14b Cont’d.
Page 65 and 66:
- 2.45 - Fig. 2.14d Cont’d.
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- 2.47 - Turbulence intensities in
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- 2.49 - Fig. 2.15a Vertical distri
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- 2.51 - Fig. 2.15c Cont’d.
Page 73 and 74:
- 2.53 - Reynolds stresses in the p
Page 75 and 76:
- 2.55 - Fig. 2.16c Cont’d.
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2.6 Summary and conclusions - 2.57
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- 2.59 - Rolland, T. (1994). Develo
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Chapter 3 - 3.i - 3 Elaboration of
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- 3.1 - 3 Elaboration of the measur
Page 85 and 86:
3.1 Introduction - 3.3 - Presented
Page 87 and 88:
- 3.5 - Fig. 3.1 Measured velocity
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3.2.2 Flow pattern around the cylin
Page 91 and 92:
- 3.9 - Fig. 3.2 Cont’d.
Page 93 and 94:
Flow in the plane � = 45° and 90
Page 95 and 96:
- 3.13 - Fig. 3.4 Contours of the m
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3.2.4 Vertical velocity (downward f
Page 99 and 100:
- 3.17 - flow may undergo a rotatin
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- 3.19 - Fig. 3.7 Cont’d.
Page 103 and 104:
- 3.21 - A similar observation, in
Page 105 and 106:
- 3.23 - Fig. 3.9 Measured turbulen
Page 107 and 108:
The following is to be observed: -
Page 109 and 110:
- 3.27 - Fig. 3.10 Cont’d.
Page 111 and 112:
- 3.29 - 3.4 Bed shear-stresses alo
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x [cm] - 3.31 - Table 3.1 Estimated
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- 3.33 - Fig. 3.12 Estimated bed sh
Page 117 and 118:
- 3.35 - (see Fig. 3.10 and Fig. 3.
Page 119 and 120:
- 3.37 - Fig. 3.14 Axonometric pres
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- 3.39 - U, U∞ [m/s] sectional av
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Chapter 4 - 4.i - 4 Numerical Model
Page 125 and 126:
- 4.1 - 4 Numerical Model Developme
Page 127 and 128:
�u �t �v �t �w �t �
Page 129 and 130:
- 4.5 - The volume integrals of the
Page 131 and 132:
- 4.7 - Fig. 4.1 Overall iterative
Page 133 and 134:
- 4.9 - increase the computer stora
Page 135 and 136:
- 4.11 - �� 1 ��
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- 4.13 - convective transport throu
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- 4.15 - n,��1 during a time st
Page 141 and 142:
� for 0 � Pe e � q eL PE �
Page 143 and 144:
4.3.8 Source terms - 4.19 - The sou
Page 145 and 146:
2D � � � x �� b 2D �
Page 147 and 148:
- 4.23 - b T � V P �t � n P
Page 149 and 150:
- 4.25 - �� u ��1 � c i
Page 151 and 152:
- 4.27 - Next, we need to define th
Page 153 and 154:
4.5 Boundary conditions 4.5.1 Bound
Page 155 and 156:
- 4.31 - The above relation holds a
Page 157 and 158:
- 4.33 - � extrapolate all variab
Page 159 and 160:
G � � t 2 �V t - 4.35 - 2 �
Page 161 and 162:
with � �� nt,b � ��
Page 163 and 164:
- 4.39 - boundary node B are then a
Page 165 and 166:
- 4.41 - Wall function for the �
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k and � equations - 4.43 - � se
Page 169 and 170:
�� z-momentum: - 4.45 - ��1
Page 171 and 172:
- 4.47 - � reconstruct the mesh,
Page 173 and 174:
- 4.49 - Fig. 4.13 The structure of
Page 175 and 176:
- 4.51 - ��
Page 177 and 178:
4.7 Summary - 4.53 - Development of
Page 179 and 180:
- 4.55 - B, �B [-] constant and w
Page 181 and 182:
- 4.57 - �, � 1 , � p [-] und
Page 183 and 184:
Chapter 5 - 5.i - 5 Numerical Simul
Page 185 and 186:
5 Numerical Simulation Abstract - 5
Page 187 and 188:
5.2 Experimental data - 5.3 - 5.2.1
Page 189 and 190:
- 5.5 - computational nodes. The ot
Page 191 and 192:
- 5.7 - (i) Yulistiyanto data (ii)
Page 193 and 194:
- 5.9 - ( p � � 1 [mm]), but th
Page 195 and 196:
- 5.11 - Fig. 5.4 Model test result
Page 197 and 198:
- 5.13 - within a greater number of
Page 199 and 200:
- 5.15 - Fig. 5.6 Computational his
Page 201 and 202:
- 5.17 - 5.5 Simulation of flow aro
Page 203 and 204:
- 5.19 - Fig. 5.9 Definition sketch
Page 205 and 206:
- 5.21 - Fig. 5.10 Computed (lines)
Page 207 and 208:
- 5.23 - Fig. 5.11 Computed and mea
Page 209 and 210:
- 5.25 - 1.2U ∞ of the measuremen
Page 211 and 212:
Water-surface profile - 5.27 - The
Page 213 and 214:
- 5.29 - using a Joukowski transfor
Page 215 and 216:
- 5.31 - 5.6.3 Results of the simul
Page 217 and 218:
Velocity fields around the cylinder
Page 219 and 220:
- 5.35 - Fig. 5.18 Computed and mea
Page 221 and 222:
- 5.37 - than the measured one. The
Page 223 and 224:
- 5.39 - Production and dissipation
Page 225 and 226:
- 5.41 - Production of turbulent ki
Page 227 and 228:
- 5.43 - If the above approach were
Page 229 and 230:
- 5.45 - and surface profiles (see
Page 231 and 232:
- 5.47 - Fig. 5.24 Surface boundary
Page 233 and 234:
- 5.49 - S [m 2 ] surface area. So,
Page 235 and 236:
Chapter 6 - 6.i - 6 Summary and Con
Page 237 and 238:
- 6.1 - 6 Summary and Conclusions 6
Page 239 and 240:
- 6.3 - The spatial distributions o
Page 241 and 242:
- 6.5 - � Laboratory measurements
Page 243 and 244:
- 6.7 - Fig. 6.1 Measured and compu
Page 245 and 246:
IDENTITE - 7.1 - Curriculum Vitæ N
Page 247 and 248:
FLOW AROUND A CYLINDER IN A SCOURED
Page 249 and 250:
- iii - Appendices Appendix A: Expe
Page 251 and 252:
A Experimental Data - A.1 - The exp
Page 253 and 254:
B Numerical Model B.1 Program struc
Page 255 and 256:
- B.3 -
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B.2 Input data file - B.5 - The inp
Page 259 and 260:
- B.7 - #31 imon1, jmon1, kmon1 thr
Page 261 and 262:
BLO for blocked cells, INL for inle
Page 263:
FLOW AROUND A CYLINDER IN A SCOURED
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