Keewatin v. Minister of Natural Resources

Table of ContentsiiQuestion One ...................................................................................................................... 3Question Two...................................................................................................................... 4Evidentiary Matters................................................................................................................. 42. THE ORGANIZATION OF THESE REASONS....................................................................... 53. OVERVIEW ............................................................................................................................... 7Question One .......................................................................................................................... 9Question Two........................................................................................................................ 104. EURO-CANADIAN HISTORY 1758-1871 ............................................................................ 11The Historical/Political Evidence ............................................................................................. 11Factors Leading to Federal Control Over Indian Affairs.......................................................... 111756 - Confederation ............................................................................................................11British Military Policies.................................................................................................... 11The Royal Proclamation of 1763 ...................................................................................... 12Circumstances Leading to Confederation and the Post-Confederation Treaties ...................... 15British Economic Policies..................................................................................................... 15Euro-Canadian Contact with the Treaty 3 Ojibway from the Euro-Canadian Perspective ...... 16The HBC Territories .............................................................................................................16The Hind & Palliser Expeditions .......................................................................................... 171860: Transfer of Imperial Administration of Indian Affairs to the United Canadas .......... 181861-1867 ............................................................................................................................. 18The Lead Up To Confederation................................................................................................ 19Negotiations re Annexation of the West............................................................................... 19Discussions re Jurisdiction over Indians/Indian Lands......................................................... 19The Provenance of S. 91(24) ................................................................................................ 201. Availability of the HBC Territories .............................................................................. 202. The Existence of Indian Policy Tradition ..................................................................... 21The Federal/Provincial Relationship..................................................................................... 22Confederation - 1867 ............................................................................................................23Other Events After Confederation Relevant to the Parties' Understanding of Canada's Powersand Obligations to Indians in 1873........................................................................................... 23Establishment of a Canadian Department of Indian Affairs................................................. 23Other Developments ............................................................................................................. 241868....................................................................................................................................... 251869....................................................................................................................................... 27The 1869 Demand Document ........................................................................................... 28Progress on the Construction of the Dawson Route ......................................................... 29Insurrection at the Red River ............................................................................................ 291870....................................................................................................................................... 301871....................................................................................................................................... 341872....................................................................................................................................... 375. THE OJIBWAY PERSPECTIVE - OJIBWAY HISTORY ..................................................... 38The Life and Culture of the Ojibway/European Contact to 1871............................................. 39Social Structure................................................................................................................. 39Governance ....................................................................................................................... 392011 ONSC 4801 (CanLII)