31same way, as long as mindfulness is firmly wedded <strong>to</strong> the breath, and we have asense of how <strong>to</strong> care for the breath so that it’s just right for the various parts ofthe body, the mind will be stable and one, not flying out after any thoughts orconcepts. It will develop a power, a radiance called discernment—or, <strong>to</strong> call it byits result, knowledge.This knowledge is a special form of awareness that doesn’t come fromanything our teachers have taught us or anyone has <strong>to</strong>ld us. Instead, it’s a specialform of understanding praised by the Buddha as right view. This form ofunderstanding is coupled with mindfulness and alertness. It ranks as rightmindfulness and right concentration as well. When a mind rightly concentratedgains increased strength, the results can lead <strong>to</strong> intuitive insight, directrealization, purity of knowledge, and ultimately <strong>to</strong> release, free from any sort ofdoubt.The mind will be independent, quiet, light, and at ease—self-contained like aflame in a glass lantern. Even though insects may come and swarm around thelantern, they can’t put out the flame; and at the same time, the flame can’t lickout <strong>to</strong> burn the hand of the person carrying it. A mind that has mindfulnessconstantly watching over it is bound <strong>to</strong> be incapable of stretching or reaching out<strong>to</strong> take up with any preoccupations at all. It won’t lick out in front or flicker backbehind, and external preoccupations won’t be able <strong>to</strong> come barging in<strong>to</strong> theheart. Our eyes—the eyes of our discernment—will be clear and far-seeing, justas if we were sitting in the interstices of a net, able <strong>to</strong> see clearly in whicheverdirection we looked.* * *What does discernment come from? You might compare it with learning <strong>to</strong>become a potter, a tailor, or a basket weaver. The teacher will start out by tellingyou how <strong>to</strong> make a pot, sew a shirt or a pair of pants, or weave differentpatterns, but the proportions and beauty of the object you make will have <strong>to</strong>depend on your own powers of observation. Suppose you weave a basket andthen take a good look at its proportions, <strong>to</strong> see if it’s <strong>to</strong>o short or <strong>to</strong>o tall. If it’s<strong>to</strong>o short, weave another one, a little taller, and then take a good look at it <strong>to</strong> seeif there’s anything that still needs improving, <strong>to</strong> see if it’s <strong>to</strong>o thin or <strong>to</strong>o fat. Thenweave another one, better-looking than the last. Keep this up until you have onethat’s as beautiful and well-proportioned as possible, one with nothing <strong>to</strong> criticizefrom any angle. This last basket you can take as your standard. You can now setyourself up in business.What you’ve done is <strong>to</strong> learn from your own actions. As for your previousefforts, you needn’t concern yourself with them any longer. Throw them out.This is a sense of discernment that arises of its own accord, an ingenuity andsense of judgment that come not from anything your teachers have taught you,but from observing and evaluating on your own the object that you yourselfhave made.The same holds true in practicing meditation. For discernment <strong>to</strong> arise, youhave <strong>to</strong> be observant as you keep track of the breath and <strong>to</strong> gain a sense of how<strong>to</strong> adjust and improve it so that it’s well-proportioned throughout the body—<strong>to</strong>
32the point where it flows evenly without faltering, so that it’ s comfortable in slowand out slow, in fast and out fast, long, short, heavy, or refined. Get so that boththe in-breath and the out-breath are comfortable no matter what way youbreathe, so that—no matter when—you immediately feel a sense of ease themoment you focus on the breath. When you can do this, physical results willappear: a sense of ease and lightness, open and spacious. The body will bestrong, the breath and blood will flow unobstructed and won’t form an openingfor disease <strong>to</strong> step in. The body will be healthy and awake.As for the mind, when mindfulness and alertness are the causes, a still mind isthe result. When negligence is the cause, a mind distracted and restless is theresult. So we must try <strong>to</strong> make the causes good, in order <strong>to</strong> give rise <strong>to</strong> the goodresults we’ve referred <strong>to</strong>. If we use our powers of observation and evaluation incaring for the breath, and are constantly correcting and improving it, we’lldevelop awareness on our own, the fruit of having developed our concentrationhigher step by step.* * *When the mind is focused with full circumspection, it can let go of concepts ofthe past. It sees the true nature of its old preoccupations, that there’s nothinglasting or certain about them. As for the future lying ahead of us, it’s like having<strong>to</strong> sail a small boat across the great wide sea: There are bound <strong>to</strong> be dangers onall sides. So the mind lets go of concepts of the future and comes in<strong>to</strong> the present,seeing and knowing the present.The mind stands firm and doesn’t sway.Unawareness falls away.Knowledge arises for an instant and then disappears, so that you can knowthat there in the present is a void.A void.You don’t latch on <strong>to</strong> world-fabrications of the past, world-fabrications of thefuture, or dhamma-fabrications of the present. Fabrications disappear. Avijj›—counterfeit, untrue awareness—disappears. ‘True’ disappears. All that remains isawareness: ‘buddha… buddha…’Bodily fabrication, i.e., the breath; verbal fabrication, i.e., thoughts thatformulate words; and mental fabrication, i.e., thinking, all disappear. Butawareness doesn’t disappear. When bodily fabrication moves, you’re aware of it.When verbal fabrication moves, you’re aware of it. When mental fabricationmoves, you’re aware of it, but awareness isn’t attached <strong>to</strong> anything it knows. Inother words, no fabrications can affect it. There’s simply awareness. At athought, the mind appears, fabrications appear. If you want <strong>to</strong> use them, therethey are. If not, they disappear on their own, by their very nature. Awareness isabove everything else. This is release.Medita<strong>to</strong>rs have <strong>to</strong> reach this sort of awareness if they’re <strong>to</strong> get good results.In training the mind, this is all there is. Complications are a lot of fuss and bother,and tend <strong>to</strong> bog down without ever getting <strong>to</strong> the real point.
- Page 2 and 3: Inner Strength&Parting GiftsTalks b
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84Wherever we go, people will be gl
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are the ones made of skin. The inne
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88ConsciousnessesIn all our activit
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Buddha tells us not to go joining i
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probably our enemies in past lives.
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consciousness is so slack and limp
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why we keep losing out to them. We
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98as, “That’s the consciousness
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100GlossaryI. TermsThe definitions
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102m›ra: The personification of d
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104sabbe satt› sad› hontuaver