As for the friend who went <strong>to</strong> the temple: While he was placing food in themonks’ bowls, taking the precepts, and listening <strong>to</strong> the sermon, all he could thinkwas evil thoughts: “Will my friend catch any fish for us <strong>to</strong> eat this evening, Iwonder.” As he thought about this, he developed a strong desire <strong>to</strong> eat fishcurry, made from the fish his friend was out killing in the stream. That’s all hecould think about as he was putting food in the monks’ bowls and listening <strong>to</strong>the sermon. He wasn’t thinking about the killing. He simply thought, “If myfriend catches some fish, I’ll get <strong>to</strong> eat.” As for the friend who was out catchingfish, all he could think about was, “I wonder if my friend has put food in themonks’ bowls yet…. By now, he’s probably taken the precepts…. By now he’sprobably listening <strong>to</strong> the sermon and getting lots and lots of merit.” That’s all hecould think about. Now, through the strong meri<strong>to</strong>rious power of his thinking,not a single fish got caught in his net. Every time he heard the gong being struckat the temple, he’d put down his net, raise his hands, and say, “S›dhu!”—all dayuntil darkness fell. Because his thoughts were so lost in doing good, his efforts <strong>to</strong>do evil didn’t succeed.As for the friend who went <strong>to</strong> make merit in the temple, his thoughts werelost in eating fish with his friend, so he ended up getting hardly any merit at all.The returns on his merit weren’t worth all the time and effort that had gone in<strong>to</strong>fixing food for the monks, taking the precepts, and listening <strong>to</strong> the sermon withhis hands folded in respect. In other words, his state of mind canceled out hisgoodness, so he ended up no match for his friend who was out doing evilwithout really wanting <strong>to</strong>. Thus his state of mind turned in<strong>to</strong> a demon andharmed him in two ways: The first was that he wanted <strong>to</strong> eat fish but didn’t get asingle bite. The second was that even though he did gain some merit from thedonations he had made <strong>to</strong> the monks, it was only a little bit. He simply wentthrough the motions of putting food in the monks’ bowls, taking the precepts,listening <strong>to</strong> the sermon, but his mind was focused on eating murrel-fish currywith his friend. So he didn’t get any of the good results that he should have fromhis actions.This is why it’s said that evil thoughts cancel out our goodness. Even if we’redoing good, thoughts of this sort cut off our goodness, like a palm tree or acoconut tree with its crown cut off. Or a banana tree that has borne fruit: it won’tbe able <strong>to</strong> grow any further, <strong>to</strong> bear flowers or produce any more fruit. Peoplewho think in ways that are evil, even if they do good, don’t meet with anyprogress in life. They meet with nothing but failure. This is called demeri<strong>to</strong>riousfabrication, another kind of demon that prevents us from succeeding at givingrise <strong>to</strong> goodness.The third kind of mental fabrication is thinking that’s neutral, that isn’t yetgood or evil. This kind of thinking can also be a demon of defilement. Say, forinstance, that we plan <strong>to</strong> work on our farm. “We don’t have time <strong>to</strong> go <strong>to</strong> themonastery,” we tell ourselves. “We don’t yet have enough <strong>to</strong> eat.” Or if we plan<strong>to</strong> go selling things. “If we go <strong>to</strong> the monastery, we won’t have time <strong>to</strong> get agood return.” Or we spend our time thinking about some important business wehave <strong>to</strong> do, that we’ll have <strong>to</strong> do this and say that. Or we think about going out<strong>to</strong> cruise around and relax a bit. When we think in this way, it takes up the time71
we can use <strong>to</strong> develop goodness within ourselves. We keep putting it off.In what way? When we’re children, we tell ourselves that we can wait untilwe’re older. We’re not going <strong>to</strong> die anytime soon, so we should take the time <strong>to</strong>study instead. When we become young adults, we tell ourselves that we can waituntil we get married. Once we get married and get ourselves established in ourcareer, we tell ourselves <strong>to</strong> wait until our children are grown and they getmarried. Going <strong>to</strong> the monastery can wait until we’ve aged a bit. We keep onputting it off and turn ourselves in<strong>to</strong> nice sweet pigs for M›ra <strong>to</strong> swallow downeasily without our even realizing it.Finally, if we really do survive until old age, our children get worried and try<strong>to</strong> dissuade us from going. “Mom, don’t go <strong>to</strong> the monastery. You’re old. You’llsuffer all sorts of hardships.” And we believe them. “If you feel faint or get sick,it’s going <strong>to</strong> be hard for you.” Your eyes get so that you can’t see, your ears getso that you can’t hear. You can’t hear the sermons, can’t hear when they’regiving the precepts. Your eyes, your ears, every path for doing good gets closedoff and sealed up tight.This is what happens <strong>to</strong> people who get all wrapped up in their work—worried about how they’re going <strong>to</strong> eat, sleep, and live; worried about wealthand poverty <strong>to</strong> the point where they can’t develop any skillfulness and see itthrough. These ways of thinking are a type of mental fabrication that fools us,trips us up, pulls us back, ties us down. That’s why they count as a type of M›ra,as demons of defilement.The demon of defilement on the fourth level is ignorance, not beingacquainted with things. We aren’t acquainted with suffering and stress; aren’tacquainted with the cause of stress; aren’t acquainted with the cessation of stressor with the path of practice leading <strong>to</strong> the cessation of stress. Our not beingacquainted with these four noble truths is one aspect of ignorance. Anotheraspect is not knowing which affairs are past, which ones are future, and whichones are present. These three, plus the four noble truths, add up <strong>to</strong> seven. Andthen there’s not knowing ignorance itself, which makes eight. These forms ofunawareness are called avijj›, or ignorance.What this all boils down <strong>to</strong> is not knowing the path. For instance, when wepractice the four frames of reference: k›y›nupassan›—we focus on the body inand of itself, but we don’t understand the body. We think that the body is themind or the mind is the body. This is ignorance. It’s dark. It closes off the bodyand closes off the mind, so that we think that they’re one and the same thing. Wecan’t separate the body from the mind or the mind from the body. This is callednot knowing our path.Vedan›nupassan›: We focus on feelings in and of themselves, but we aren’treally acquainted with feelings. “Feelings” here means the act of savoringsensations, which sometimes are pleasant, sometimes painful, sometimes neitherpleasant nor painful. We think that the pleasure is the same thing as our ownmind, or that our self is what has pleasure. Or we think that the pain is the samething as our self, or that our self is what has pain. We can’t separate the pleasureand pain from the mind, so they get tightly tangled up <strong>to</strong>gether. We can’tseparate them, can’t tell what’s what. This is called ignorance, not being72
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have a sense of our own good and ba
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9A Mind of Pure GoldJuly, 1958The m
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say, or what our teachers tell us.
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- Page 101 and 102: 100GlossaryI. TermsThe definitions
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