Report on Decompression Illness, Diving Fatalities and Project Dive
Report on Decompression Illness, Diving Fatalities and Project Dive
Report on Decompression Illness, Diving Fatalities and Project Dive
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Appendix C: Breath-Hold IncidentCase <str<strong>on</strong>g>Report</str<strong>on</strong>g>sCase Study #1A 28-year-old female experienced competitivefreediver was attempting a world record divein the Carribean in the No-Limits discipline.Weather had been poor <strong>and</strong> delayed theattempt until the afterno<strong>on</strong>, where c<strong>on</strong>diti<strong>on</strong>swere still not optimal. She rode the sled downto the record depth of 561 feet (169 meters),<strong>and</strong> filled the lift bag that she would ride backto the surface. She had problems completelyfilling the bag, <strong>and</strong> <strong>on</strong> her ascent, at around394 feet (118 meters), she became unc<strong>on</strong>scious<strong>and</strong> began to float away from the ascent line.A series of safety divers carried her to thesurface. She remained underwater for eightminutes <strong>and</strong> 40 sec<strong>on</strong>ds, exceeding theanticipated three minutes <strong>and</strong> 30 sec<strong>on</strong>ds.C a rdiopulm<strong>on</strong>ary resuscitati<strong>on</strong> (CPR) wasunsuccessfully performed <strong>on</strong> the surface. Thecause of death was determined to be drowning,<strong>and</strong> several factors were noted as c<strong>on</strong>tributingto the accident: the rough sea thatadversely affected the lines traveled by thesled <strong>and</strong> inadequate lift provided by the liftbag.Case Study #2A 22-year-old male decided to go freedivinglate <strong>on</strong>e evening with two friends in a freshwaterspring. His remained in the water afterhis friends tired of swimming <strong>and</strong> returned toshore. Some time later, his friends noticed thathis light was no l<strong>on</strong>ger visible <strong>on</strong> the surface.They called for help, <strong>and</strong> a diver d<strong>on</strong>nedscuba gear to search the area. The victim wasfound at approximately 35 ffw (feet of freshwater; 11 mfw, or meters of fresh water). CPRwas performed <strong>on</strong> the surface, but he neverAppendix C: Breath-Holding Incident Case <str<strong>on</strong>g>Report</str<strong>on</strong>g>sregained c<strong>on</strong>sciousness. Cause of death wasdetermined to be drowning. Before the incident,the decedent had been seen drinking.Case Study #3Spearfishing with two friends off a boatanchored at 65 fsw / 20 msw, this 14-year-oldmale was observed to develop diff i c u l t i e swhile nearing the surface <strong>on</strong> his ascent. Hebegan to sink back down in the water. He didnot release his weight belt. His compani<strong>on</strong>sdived into the water but were unable to reachhim. The others flagged down a boat with adiver <strong>on</strong> board. The diver recovered the victim’sbody at approximately 65 fsw.Case Study #4An 18-year-old male was recreati<strong>on</strong>ally freedivingwith a friend off a boat <strong>on</strong> a shallowocean reef approximately 100 yards / 92meters from shore. The experienced freediversused the <strong>on</strong>e up <strong>and</strong> <strong>on</strong>e down system to m<strong>on</strong>itoreach other. After approximately <strong>on</strong>e hourof alternating dives, the victim made a dive to60 fsw / 18 msw. His partner noticed littlemovement during the first 30 sec<strong>on</strong>ds of thedive <strong>and</strong> became c<strong>on</strong>cerned at about 45 sec<strong>on</strong>ds.The anxiety of the event compromisedthe partner’s freediving ability; he could notreach the victim. He then called for help, <strong>and</strong>county fire rescue divers recovered the victim.He had been submerged for more than 20 minutes.He did not regain c<strong>on</strong>sciousness.Case Study #5Two men, <strong>on</strong>e 74 years old <strong>and</strong> the other 79years old, were diving for lobster approximately100 yards offshore <strong>on</strong>e afterno<strong>on</strong>. BothDAN’s <str<strong>on</strong>g>Report</str<strong>on</strong>g> <strong>on</strong> Decompressi<strong>on</strong> <strong>Illness</strong>, <strong>Diving</strong> <strong>Fatalities</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Project</strong> <strong>Dive</strong> Explorati<strong>on</strong>: 2004 Editi<strong>on</strong> 129