Report on Decompression Illness, Diving Fatalities and Project Dive

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Section 3 - Dive Injuries3.3 Physical Characteristics of Injured DiversThe majority of the divers in DAN’s 2003 sample were between 30and 60 years of age. Males outnumbered females by approximatelytwo to one. Figure 3.3-1 shows the age distribution of the divers inour sample by gender. The age and gender distribution of the diversis essentially unchanged from the preceding year.Figure 3.3-1Age of injureddivers by gender(n=290).DAN collects information on pre-existing medical conditionsbecause they may influence diving injuries. The frequencies of themost common medical conditions are listed in Table 3.3-1. As wouldbe expected from self-reporting, the divers listed for the most partonly minor medical conditions. Seasonal allergies occurred in 18percent of the sample, spine or back problems in 13 percent, musculoskeletalproblems in 13 percent and ear or sinus problems in 6percent. The injured divers in our sample also reported a 5 percentincidence of emotional problems, a 4 percent incidence of cardiacdisease, a 3 percent incidence of asthma and a 2 percent incidence ofdiabetes. It should be noted that these conditions are not overrepresentedin our sample of diving injuries as compared to the normalpopulation, and that some divers listed more than one pre-existingmedical condition.DAN’s <strong>Report</strong> on Decompression Illness, Diving Fatalities and Project Dive Exploration: 2005 Edition 51
Section 3 - Dive InjuriesTable 3.3-1Pre-divehealthproblems.Health Problem Frequency %Allergies 53 17.8Musculoskeletal 49 16.5Back Problems / Surgery 39 13.1Seasickness 22 7.4Ear Nose and Throat 19 6.4Psychiatric 15 5.1High Blood Pressure 14 4.7Central Nervous System 14 4.7Gastrointestinal 13 4.4Heart Disease 12 4.0Circulation / Blood 12 4.0Asthma 9 3.0Pulmonary 6 2.0Diabetes 6 2.0Eye 5 1.7Kidney 3 1.0Certification Level of Injured DiversDiving experience does not correlate with the specific type of injurydiagnosis in our sample if the highest certification level attained bythe injured diver is used as a surrogate for experience. Table 3.3-2shows the highest certification level obtained by the divers in oursample when stratified by diagnosis. Most of the injuries occurredin entry- or instructor level divers; however, this may be due to thehigher representation of these groups in the overall diving population.It should also be noted that because this injury data is entirelyself-reported, some certification categories might have either agreater or lesser impact on the injury statistics reported here. Thereare many instances of self-treatment of decompression illness bydivers in the higher certification levels that are not reported toDAN.Our data show that for most divers, DCS II is most common regardlessof certification. However, the student category is the exceptionto this generalization. If a student is injured, AGE is the type ofinjury most likely to be involved. Although the 2003 numbers aresmall, this pattern is consistent with data from previous years.DiagnosisHighest Certification Level (Percentage)# Missing None Student Entry-Level Advanced Instructor Specialty Technical CommercialDCS I 53 38.5 33.3 0.0 10.3 20.4 22.2 22.6 11.1 0.0AGE 19 7.7 0.0 40.0 13.4 2.2 0.0 3.2 0.0 0.0DCS II 211 53.8 55.6 40.0 72.2 72.0 72.2 71.0 88.9 100.0Lung BT 4 0.0 11.1 20.0 1.0 1.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0Ambiguous 10 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.1 4.3 5.6 3.2 0.0 0.052DAN’s <strong>Report</strong> on Decompression Illness, Diving Fatalities and Project Dive Exploration: 2005 Edition
Page 2 and 3: Report on Decompre
Page 4 and 5: DAN Regions and Regional Coordinato
Page 6 and 7: DAN - Your DiveSafety AssociationDA
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Page 14 and 15: DAN - Your Dive Safety AssociationA
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Page 20 and 21: 1. INTRODUCTIONDivers Alert Network
Page 22 and 23: Section 1. Introduction1.3 Diving F
Page 24 and 25: 2.2 PDE 2003This report includes da
Page 26 and 27: Section 2 - Project Dive Exploratio
Page 32 and 33: Figure 2.4-2 describes the breathin
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Page 36 and 37: Towards the end of the series, PDE
Page 44 and 45: Case #2The diver was a 29-year-old
Page 46 and 47: 3. Dive InjuriesSection 3 - Dive In
Page 48 and 49: Section 3 - Dive InjuriesFigure 3.1
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Page 68 and 69: 4. Dive FatalitiesDeath while divin
Page 70 and 71: Section 4 - Dive FatalitiesFigure 4
Page 74 and 75: Section 4 - Dive FatalitiesOur data
Page 80 and 81: Section 4 - Dive Fatalities4.4-1Dis
Page 82 and 83: Figure 4.4-2Report
Page 84 and 85: Section 4 - Dive FatalitiesConclusi
Page 86 and 87: Figure 5.1-2 shows the proportion o
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Page 92 and 93: 6. Breath-HoldingIncidents6.1 Intro
Page 94 and 95: Section 6 - Breath-Holding Incident
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Appendix A: Injury Case Rep
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Appendix B: Dive Fatality Case <str
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Appendix C: Breath-Hold IncidentCas
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Appendix C: Breath-Holding Incident
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Glossarymatical models to compute d
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GlossaryRepresentative SampleA grou
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2004 Publications2004 PublicationsR
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NotesDAN’s Report</strong
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The only 24-hour, worldwide dive em
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