U.S. Navy Ship Salvage Manual Volume 6 - Oil Spill Response

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S0300-A6-MAN-060The National Contingency Plan (NCP) states that sinking agents shall not be authorized for applicationto oil discharges, thus sinking agents shall not be used for any oil spill response on waterswhere the NCP is applicable.6-12
S0300-A6-MAN-060CHAPTER 7SHORELINE CLEANUP7-1 INTRODUCTIONIt is easier and less costly to retrieve floating oil with boom and skimmers than it is to clean up oilthat has fouled a shoreline. The Navy’s strategy for spill response recognizes the benefits of skimmingfree oil and, building around the self-propelled Class V skimmer, SUPSALV has assembledone of the most effective oil spill response systems in the nation. However, no matter how wellprepareda response organization, some oil will probably impact the shoreline, forcing cleanup bymethods other than skimmers and booms.This chapter discusses strategies and methods that have been proven effective in cleaning oiledshorelines. Good management is important to successful shoreline cleanup operations. Shorelinecleanup is manpower-intensive and, therefore, very expensive. Diligence is necessary to preventwell-meaning response personnel from causing inadvertent environmental harm. Spill responsemanagers must recognize and address safety aspects of shoreline cleanup of an oiled environment.Recovered oil and contaminated debris must be disposed of properly. A particular challenge to themanagement of shoreline cleanup is developing positive performance from the constant interactionamong persons representing groups with diverse interests and objectives.Salvage officers may face a shoreline cleanup as a result of salvage-related work or in response toa Navy oil spill. In either case, they must be prepared to implement oil-removal procedures thatare safe, technically correct, environmentally sound and effective.7-2 SHORELINE SURVEYA survey that defines the nature and extent of shoreline oiling must be conducted as soon as possibleso that proper cleanup measures may be implemented quickly. The most effective surveyssight and photograph the oil areas from aircraft. Telephone or radio reports from individuals atvantage points along the coast are also helpful in defining the extent of the oiled shoreline.The type of oil and its viscosity, pour point and other physical characteristics should be identified.Knowledge of the source of spilled oil will aid in identification. A sample of the oil should betaken and preserved for chemical analysis and possible matching to the origin of the spill.7-3 CLEANING STRATEGYFormulation of a shoreline cleaning strategy—an integral part of the response operation—shouldfollow the initial survey. Cleaning strategy may be: no cleaning, removal of all contamination or aposition between the two extremes.7-1
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S0300-A6-MAN-0600910-LP-256-9800U.S
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S0300-A6-MAN-060TABLE OF CONTENTSCh
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S0300-A6-MAN-0602-3.1.8 Resurfacing
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S0300-A6-MAN-0603-9.1 Demobilizatio
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S0300-A6-MAN-0605-2.4 Sorbents . .
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S0300-A6-MAN-0607-3.2.1 Primary (Gr
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S0300-A6-MAN-060DEFC-2.2.8 Emergenc
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S0300-A6-MAN-060H CONVERSION TABLES
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S0300-A6-MAN-060LIST OF ILLUSTRATIO
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S0300-A6-MAN-060Figure Title Page7-
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S0300-A6-MAN-060STANDARD NAVY SYNTA
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S0300-A6-MAN-060GLOSSARYACRONYMS AN
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S0300-A6-MAN-060NCEL . . . . . . .
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S0300-A6-MAN-060DEFINITIONSAccessor
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S0300-A6-MAN-060Expansion trunk or
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S0300-A6-MAN-060Membrane. The conti
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S0300-A6-MAN-060Specific gravity. R
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S0300-A6-MAN-060BIBLIOGRAPHYNavy Po
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S0300-A6-MAN-060Aaeration 7-6aircra
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S0300-A6-MAN-060municipal solid was
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S0300-A6-MAN-060two-vessel 5-15oil
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S0300-A6-MAN-060CHAPTER 1INTRODUCTI
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S0300-A6-MAN-060• Huntington Beac
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S0300-A6-MAN-060Figure 1-2. Federal
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S0300-A6-MAN-060The type of equipme
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S0300-A6-MAN-060• Commander, U.S.
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S0300-A6-MAN-060• Serving as the
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S0300-A6-MAN-0601-5.3 Naval Sea Sys
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S0300-A6-MAN-060CHAPTER 2OIL CHARAC
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S0300-A6-MAN-060including the Saybo
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S0300-A6-MAN-060affin in solution t
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S0300-A6-MAN-060mented crude oils.
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S0300-A6-MAN-060Figure 2-2. Various
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S0300-A6-MAN-060tions. Because ligh
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S0300-A6-MAN-060• Direct kill of
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S0300-A6-MAN-060ing or starvation m
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S0300-A6-MAN-060rips and other phen
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S0300-A6-MAN-060EXAMPLE 2-2Assume t
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S0300-A6-MAN-060ian workers and/or
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S0300-A6-MAN-060• Additional equi
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S0300-A6-MAN-060• Communications
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S0300-A6-MAN-060Figure 3-2. America
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S0300-A6-MAN-060Military or charter
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S0300-A6-MAN-060Figure 3-4. Federal
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S0300-A6-MAN-060Damaged deep tanks
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S0300-A6-MAN-060bent boom can be fa
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S0300-A6-MAN-060• Provision of fu
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S0300-A6-MAN-060very appealing to p
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S0300-A6-MAN-060Figure 3-7. Represe
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S0300-A6-MAN-060Ships and craft, su
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S0300-A6-MAN-060response procedures
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S0300-A6-MAN-060the ESSM system. As
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S0300-A6-MAN-0603-8 FUNDING AND COS
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S0300-A6-MAN-060direct it to a coll
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S0300-A6-MAN-060CHAPTER 4CONTROL, C
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S0300-A6-MAN-060Table 4-1. Applicat
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S0300-A6-MAN-0604-2.1.5 Connecting
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S0300-A6-MAN-060Net boom has been s
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S0300-A6-MAN-060Figure 4-4. Boom Co
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S0300-A6-MAN-060Figure 4-6. Typical
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S0300-A6-MAN-060The Oil and Hazardo
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Page 127 and 128: S0300-A6-MAN-060Diversion boom does
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Page 131 and 132: S0300-A6-MAN-0604-5 BOOM BEHAVIORFi
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Page 135 and 136: S0300-A6-MAN-060• Final cleaning
Page 137 and 138: S0300-A6-MAN-060CHAPTER 5OIL RECOVE
Page 139 and 140: S0300-A6-MAN-060Recovery efficiency
Page 141 and 142: S0300-A6-MAN-060Figure 5-3. Disc, D
Page 143 and 144: S0300-A6-MAN-060• Inclined plane
Page 145 and 146: S0300-A6-MAN-060Figure 5-7. Hydrocy
Page 147 and 148: S0300-A6-MAN-060Figure 5-8. Sorbent
Page 149 and 150: S0300-A6-MAN-060Grabs, clam shell b
Page 151 and 152: S0300-A6-MAN-060time. Most skimmers
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Page 155 and 156: S0300-A6-MAN-060Figure 5-13. Class
Page 157 and 158: S0300-A6-MAN-060parameters and pick
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Page 161 and 162: S0300-A6-MAN-060Figure 5-19. DOP-25
Page 163 and 164: S0300-A6-MAN-060CHAPTER 6DISPERSANT
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Page 185 and 186: S0300-A6-MAN-060Figure 7-2. Decisio
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Page 195 and 196: S0300-A6-MAN-060C-1.2 SUPSALV Oil S
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Page 209 and 210: S0300-A6-MAN-060Figure E-1. Typical
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S0300-A6-MAN-060Table F-9. Turbine
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S0300-A6-MAN-060Table F-10. Shell T
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S0300-A6-MAN-060Table F-11. Diesel
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S0300-A6-MAN-060Table F-12. Gasolin
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S0300-A6-MAN-060MANUFACTURERTEXACO
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S0300-A6-MAN-060Table F-14. Residua
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S0300-A6-MAN-060APPENDIX GHEALTH AN
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S0300-A6-MAN-060• Employee traini
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S0300-A6-MAN-060• The decontamina
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S0300-A6-MAN-060• PPE training an
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S0300-A6-MAN-060APPENDIX HCONVERSIO
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S0300-A6-MAN-060Table H-3. Common F
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S0300-A6-MAN-060Table H-6. General
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S0300-A6-MAN-060Table H-7 . Power C
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U.S. Navy Ship Salvage Manual Volume 6 - Oil Spill Response

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