U.S. Navy Ship Salvage Manual Volume 6 - Oil Spill Response

S0300-A6-MAN-060affin in solution than the corresponding products derived from an asphalt base crude. The classificationsystem has been modified to include naphthene or hybrid base crudes that contain littleasphalt and significant quantities of high molecular weight waxes that differ from conventionalparaffin wax. This classification system was established primarily as a guide to the commercialapplicability and value of crude oil stocks and is an imperfect measure of the overall characteristicsof the oil. It does, however, provide some indication of the expected range of physical characteristics.Table 2-1. Characteristics of Some Hydrocarbons Found in Crude Oil.COMPOUNDCARBONNUMBERBOILINGPOINT (°F)SPECIFICGRAVITYSOLUBILITY IN WATERParaffinsMethane 1 -258.70 0.424 90 ml/l (68.0°F)Ethane 2 -127.30 0.546 47 m/l (28.0°F) (gases)Propane 3 -43.96 0.542 65 m/l (64.4°F)Butane 4 31.10 0.579 65 m/l (64.4°F)Pentane 5 97.16 0.626 360 ppm (62.6°F)Hexane 6 156.20 0.660 138 ppm (59.9°F)Heptane 7 209.30 0.684 52 ppm (59.9°F)Octane 8 258.26 0.703 15 ppm (59.9°F)Nonane 9 303.44 0.718 about 10 ppmDecane 10 345.38 0.730 about 3 ppmUndecane 11 384.62 0.741Dodecane 12 421.34 0.766Tridecane 13 456.08 0.756Tetradecane 14 488.48 0.763Pentadecane 15 519.26 0.769Hexadecane (Cetane) 16 548.78 0.773Heptadecane 17 576.68 0.778NaphthenesCyclopropane 3 -27.40 “Slight”Cyclobutane 4 55.40Cyclopentane 5 120.74 0.751Methyulecyclopentane 6 161.24 0.749Cyclohexane 6 177.26 0.779Methylcyclohexane 7 213.62 0.7692-5