U.S. Navy Ship Salvage Manual Volume 6 - Oil Spill Response

S0300-A6-MAN-060Specific gravity. Ratio of the density of a substance’s density to that of a reference substance.Specific gravities for liquids and solids are commonly referred to water at a specified temperature;specific gravities for gases (also called vapor density) are commonly referred to air.Spill. An accidental or unpermitted discharge of OHS into or upon surrounding waters.Stiffener. A component which provides support to the membrane.Straight line drag forces. The tension on a boom that results from towing it from one end.Support agency. Any organization assigned specific tasks under the plan in support of theresponse.Surf zone. The area between the outermost breaker and the limit of wave uprush.Sweeping mode. Movement of a boom relative to the water for the purpose of controlling or collectinga floating substance.Tank, ballast. Tanks used for carrying water ballast.Tank, peak. See after peak, forepeak.Tank, settling. Fuel oil tanks used for separating entrained water from the oil. The oil is allowedto stand for a few hours until the water has settled to the bottom, when the latter is drained orpumped off.Tank top. See inner bottom.Tank, trimming. A tank located near the ends of a ship. Seawater (or fuel oil) is carried in suchtanks as necessary to change trim.Tank, wing. Tanks located well outboard adjacent to the side shell plating, often consisting of acontinuation of the double bottom up the sides to a deck or flat.Tension member. Any component which carries horizontal tension loads imposed upon theboom.Territorial Seas. The zone established by the U.S. under the Convention on the Territorial Seaand Contiguous Zone. For most Federal legislation passed before 1989, the territorial sea extendsthree nautical miles (nm) seaward from the mean low waterline of the U.S. shoreline. For internationallaw purposes, the territorial sea extends out 12 nautical miles (nm).Total draft. The maximum vertical dimension of the boom below the waterline.Towing. Transporting a boom from one place to another by pulling from one end.Glossary-11