Climate risks and adaptation in Asian coastal megacities: A synthesis

Figure 3.10 ■ Areas of High PopulationDensity and with HighRisk of Inundation underA1FI ScenarioImpact on roads, rail network, power andwater supply facilities and transportationThe hydrological analysis shows the length of roadsthat are likely to be flooded (in terms of depthand duration) under different scenarios. Thus forinstance, under both emissions scenarios—A1FIand B1, more roads are flooded under “existinginfrastructure scenario” where no additional infrastructuralimprovements are made, compared to ascenario where there is continued implementationof flood protection infrastructure in 2050 (Table 3.9).As a reference, it is useful to note that a depth ofmore than 26 cms is considered impassable for mostvehicles in Manila.The hydrological analysis also shows specificlocations where the power distribution system inManila is vulnerable. It notes that the elevated railsystem in Manila, although above the flood levels,is vulnerable to loss of power from the power utilityMerelco, and that a number of the stations wouldbe inaccessible during extreme floods. The impact ofhigh winds in these situations was not detailed. Theconsultants held discussions with the water supplyproviders who indicated that their facilities were notvulnerable to floods.Source: Muto et al. (2010).Figure 3.11 ■ Areas at High Risk from Flooding under Different Scenarios%80706050403020100CityMandaluyongManilaMarikinaQuezonSan JuanPassayMakatiPasigTaguigPaterosKalookanMalabonNavotasRegion Pasig – Marikina River Basin West Mangahan Area KAMANAVA AreaEx–SQ Ex–B1 Ex–A1F1 BAU–SQ BAU–B1 BAU–A1F1Source: Muto et al. (2010).Estimating Flood Impacts and Vulnerabilities in Coastal Cities | 37