Regulatory and policy options to encourage development of ...
Regulatory and policy options to encourage development of ...
Regulatory and policy options to encourage development of ...
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MODULE 9: RENEWABLE ENERGY: REGULATORY AND POLICY OPTIONSpage 9.1071. BACKGROUND1.1. Energy consumptionThe overall energy consumption trends for Zambia between 1986 <strong>and</strong> 2002 aregiven in figure I.Figure I. Energy consumption trends (1986-2002)250.00200.00Peta Joules150.00100.0050.001986 1987 1988 1989 1990* 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002YearTotal energy Petroleum Electricity Coal WoodfuelSource: Department <strong>of</strong> Energy, Energy Bulletin 1990-2003.There has been a moderate growth in <strong>to</strong>tal energy consumption between 1986<strong>and</strong> 2002. The increase has mainly been attributed <strong>to</strong> wood fuel utilization in thehousehold sec<strong>to</strong>r as a result <strong>of</strong> increasing population.However, petroleum <strong>and</strong> coal consumption trends witnessed a decline due mainly<strong>to</strong> a corresponding decline in economic activities, especially after 1991, when thecountry experienced industrial company closures following the privatization programme.The closures were mainly a consequence <strong>of</strong> opening the market <strong>to</strong> internationalgoods <strong>and</strong> services, thereby making some local goods <strong>and</strong> servicesuncompetitive.The overall energy consumption by sec<strong>to</strong>r for Zambia is illustrated in table 1 <strong>and</strong>figure II for the year 2000.
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