Adaptability of cashpoints for the disabled

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Section 15 of the Charter makes it illegal for the Canadian authorities todiscriminate against the disabled in their laws and programmes.In Canada there are three organisms that ensure the Charter is fulfilled.Firstly there is the Canadian Human Rights Act, the aim of which is toprotect individuals from discrimination. The Canadian Human Rights Tribunalapplies these principles to cases that have been forwarded by the CanadianHuman Rights Commission). The Tribunal is similar to a court of law and actsin an independent and impartial way. It is less formal and only deals withcases of discrimination. The Canadian Human Rights Tribunal deals withcases that have been taken up by the public. The Human Rights Commissiondraws up policies or guidelines concerning human rights.In 1994 the Canadian Human Rights Commission undertook a study aboutadapting the cashpoint machines for the disabled. As a result of this,different initiatives arose such as the Canadian Bankers Association’s Reportor that of Betty Dion Enterprises Limited (BDEL) which each presentedstudies about automatic cashpoint machines.The Canadian Bankers Association’s Report proposed a series ofrecommendations that made the maximum use of automatic cashpointmachines. One of the most important recommendations was the cashpointmachines with speech output for blind or visually impaired people. The resultof the report was to develop an automatic cashpoint machine with aninteractive speaking system, and it was placed in Ontario in October 1997.This day marks the date of the first automatic cashpoint machine of its kindin the world (picture of the cashpoint machine in Figure 4.6).The first automaticcashpoint machinewith speechoutput was placedin Ontario inOctober 1997.Moreover, the Canadian Standards Association (CSA) developsstandards addressed to real needs. It has issued a standard relatedto accessibility of the disabled to automatic cashpoint machines.The standard drawn up by the CSA was used as a reference in theabovementioned studies. This standard has been used as a way ofrecommending a series of minimum levels. It has no legal standing.Nevertheless, the fact of having a standard that proposesalternatives gives more weight when complaining to the Tribunal.Figure 4.6: Picture of the firstcashpoint machine in the world withspeech output (Source: FinancialGroup).ADAPTABILITY OF CASHPOINTS FOR THE DISABLED15
4.2.3 The United KingdomIn 1995 the Disability Discrimination Act was introduced (DDA), whichprotects the legal rights of the disabled. These cover occupation, access toservices, education, transport and housing. 5Part III of the act is based on the principle that disabled people must not bediscriminated against by those providing public services.In the specific area of banks the following aspects are taken into account:- Banks provide the service of withdrawing money at the counter duringoffice hours and from automatic cashpoint 24 hours a day. While thisservice is in operation when the counter service is closed, the bank mustprovide an additional service subject to that stipulated in the DDA.- Banks provide a cashpoint machine in a commercial area or another kindof public place (supermarket, airport, trade fair, etc...). The bank isresponsible for ensuring the service is not discriminatory, while theorganisation responsible for the site where the cashpoint machine isplaced must ensure that a disabled person has physical access to it (freeof obstacles, etc.).In the UnitedKingdom there isthe DisabilityRightsCommission, anindependent bodyfounded in 2000by Parliament tostopdiscrimination andencourage equalopportunities forthe disabled.According to Section 21 of the Act, providers of services have the legalobligation to make reasonable adjustments so that physical barriers can besurpassed, but there is no regulation that standardises accessibility, thedefinition of “reasonable” not being determined by the law.The Disability Rights Commission is an independent body founded in 2000 byParliament in order to stop discrimination and encourage equal opportunitiesfor disabled people. The Commission provides advice to these people, offersthem legal aid to defend their rights, and organises activities in order tochange policies, practices and awareness, among other aspects.In terms of standards there is the British Standard BS 8300:2001 “Design ofBuildings and their approach to meet the needs of disabled people” whichcovers the more physical aspect of accessibility. The Centre for AccessibleEnvironments has produced a report with recommendations and proposals, inthe form of a standard, to adapt automatic cashpoint machines.5 More information at 16 ADAPTABILITY OF CASHPOINTS FOR THE DISABLED
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Page 49 and 50: H. SILVER, Janet; GILL. John. Text
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