2➔<strong>Medical</strong> <strong>Applications</strong> <strong>Guide</strong>Table of ContentsConsumer and Portable <strong>Medical</strong>Blood Pressure Monitors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4Heart Rate Monitors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4Blood Analyzer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5Digital Thermometers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6Pulse Oximetry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7Products for Portable <strong>Medical</strong> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-16System Support Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10Wireless Interface, RFID and Tag-it . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12Low-Power RF Products, ZigBee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14Power Management Products for Portable <strong>Applications</strong> . . . . . . . . . . . . .16Diagnostic, Patient Monitoring and TherapyElectrocardiogram (ECG) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20Electroencephalogram (EEG) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20Blood Oxygen (Pulse Oximetry) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27Ventilation/Respiration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33Defibrillators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40Power Management Products for Diagnostic <strong>Applications</strong> . . . . . . . . . . . . .43IMPORTANT NOTICE: TI products are not authorized for use insafety-critical applications (such as FDA Class 3 applications)where a failure of the TI product would reasonably be expectedto cause severe personal injury or death, unless officers of theparties have executed an agreement specifically governing suchuse. Systems and equipment manufacturers and designers whoincorporate TI products into their end products represent thatthey have all necessary expertise in the safety and regulatoryramifications of its application, and they acknowledge and agreethat they are solely responsible for all legal, regulatory andsafety-related requirements concerning their products and anyuse of TI products in such safety-critical applications, notwithstandingany applications-related information or support thatmay be provided by TI. Further, systems and equipment manufacturersand designers who incorporate TI products into their endproducts agree to fully indemnify TI and its representativesagainst any damages arising out of the use of TI products in suchsafety-critical applications.<strong>Medical</strong> ImagingUltrasound . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47Computed Tomography (CT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58Digital X-Ray . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65PET Scanners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .70Power Management Products for Imaging <strong>Applications</strong> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .74<strong>Medical</strong> Instruments<strong>Medical</strong> Instrumentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .76ResourcesEnhanced Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .80TI Analog eLab Design Center . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .81TI Design Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .82<strong>Medical</strong> <strong>Applications</strong> <strong>Guide</strong> Texas Instruments 2Q 2007
Consumer and Portable <strong>Medical</strong> Devices3Consumer and Portable <strong>Medical</strong> <strong>Applications</strong> Discussion➔➔In This SectionPortable <strong>Medical</strong> <strong>Applications</strong> 3Blood Pressure and Heart Rate Monitors 4Blood Analyzer 5Digital Thermometers 6Pulse Oximetry 7System Support Products 10Wireless Interface, RFID and Tag-it 12Low-Power RF Products 14Low-Power RF Products, ZigBee 15Power Management for Portable Devices 16Products for Portable <strong>Medical</strong> 18Portable <strong>Medical</strong> <strong>Applications</strong>Whether developing a blood glucose meter, digital blood pressuremeter, blood gas meter, digital pulse/heart rate monitor or even adigital thermometer, there are five system level blocks that arecommon to each one: Power/Battery Management, Control andData Processing, Amplification and A/D Conversion of the sensorinput, some type of display and the sensor element(s) itself. In general,these are all battery-operated, microcontroller-controlled handhelddevices that take measurements using various bio-sensors. Obviously,the actual implementation topology of these blocks will differ greatlywith the sensing, processing and information display demands ofthe meter type and feature set.Key design considerations are ultra-low power consumption andhigh efficiency driven by the need for extended battery life, and highprecision with a fast response time driven by the user’s need to quicklyknow their health status. Additional requirements may drive needs foradditional memory to allow for historical profiling, cabled or wirelessinterfaces for data upload to a computer at home or in the doctor’soffice or even for access to the sensor, and possibly audio feedbackfor simple good/not good indication or more complex step-by-steputilization instructions. Adding these features without increasingpower consumption is a significant challenge. Texas Instruments offersa broad portfolio of high-performance Microcontrollers, Digital SignalProcessors (DSPs), Instrumentation, Operational and Buffer Amplifiers,Data Converters, Power and Battery Management, Audio Amplifiers,and both Wired and Wireless Interface components.Bio-SensorPrecisionReferenceInstrumentationAmpBufferAmpMSP430LCDDisplayOP AMPCore Portable <strong>Medical</strong> System(Processor, Memory, Display, Keypad,Power, Battery Management)LCD ControllerFlashADCLCDBacklightMSP430µControllerSystem Based and OperationalFunctional Blocks inPortable <strong>Medical</strong> SystemsUSBControllerZigBeeBluetooth ®Low Power WirelessTransientProtectionWireless DataTransmission orSensor AccessWired DataTransmissionAFE PowerClockKeypadLEDDriverCurrent Limit SwitchCard Slotfor SystemCalibrationµControllerandMemory PowerFuelGaugeLithiumBatteryProtectionBattery ManagementBatteryChargerAudioFeedback orInstructionsOptionalACAdapterPlugAC LineGeneral block diagram for typical portable medical devices.Texas Instruments 2Q 2007www.ti.com/medical<strong>Medical</strong> <strong>Applications</strong> <strong>Guide</strong>
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