FilmTec Technical Manual - Chester Paul Company

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FAC - 60 Hydrogen peroxide - 62, 133 MONOSPHERE - 28FDA - 17 Hydrogen sulfide - 55, 66-68, 148 Multi-stage - 77Feed concentration - 14 Hydroxide floc - 56, 65, 126Feed flow rate - 125 Hypochlorite - 60 Nanofiltration - 11, 65Feed pressure - 14, 72, 96, 110, 113, 114, 125, Hypochlorous acid - 60, 62 Net driving pressure - 89, 90145, 149Feed spacer - 18, 147 NOM - 65, 146Feed tank - 97 ICP - 145, 148 Nomenclature - 19Feedwater pH - 16, 98 Inhibitor - 28 Normalization - 101, 117-120Feedwater type - 22, 82 In-line filtration - 55Ferric chloride - 55 Intake - 57, 59 Oil - 65, 96, 150Ferric coagulants - 55 Integrity - 143 Operating data - 115Ferric sulfate - 55 Interconnector - 104-106 Operating log - 116Ferrous iron - 61, 66, 69 Intrusion - 149 Operating pressure - 95FilmTec Corporation - 9 Iodine - 64, 134 Organic fouling - 126, 131, 150Filtration - 10, 11 Ion exchange - 9, 84, 85 Organics - 22, 29, 61, 65, 150Flat cell - 172 Ion product - 30, 31 O-ring - 102, 104-106, 139-141, 150Flocculant - 56, 57, 174 Ionic strength - 31 ORP - 60, 62, 63, 96Flocculation/filtration - 47 Iron - 28, 47, 51, 55, 57, 65-67, 69, 130, 133, 148 Orthophosphate - 51Flow - 13 Osmosis - 12Flow balance - 86-87 K factor - 115 Osmotic pressure - 12, 89, 91, 170Flow configuration - 84 KMnO4 - 55 Oxidation damage - 55, 60, 151Flow meter - 97 Oxidation filtration - 55Fluoride scales - 43, 46, 126, 148-149 Langelier - 27 Oxidizing agents - 62, 96Flush system - 98 Leak - 143, 150-151 Ozone - 62, 64Flushing - 110, 112, 126 Light industrial system - 83Flux - 13, 72, 85 Lime softening - 29, 30, 40, 48 Passage - 13Food processing - 17 Loading - 102-106 Peracetic acid - 133Fouling - 21, 72, 122 Low flow - 146-150 Performance - 13, 137Fouling factor - 94, 137 LSI - 27, 33, 111 Performance test - 144Fouling index - 53 Lubricant - 102 Permanganate - 62Fouling tendency - 82 Permeability - 12, 17, 90FR membrane/element - 65, 147 Macrofiltration - 10 Permeate - 13FRC - 60 Magnesium - 47 Permeate (back)pressure - 76, 81, 87, 96, 113,138, 140, 143, 151Freezing - 135, 136 Maintenance - 99, 117 Permeate concentration - 91-93FTNORM - 117, 123, 138 Manganese - 47, 55, 61, 65-67, 69, 148 Permeate flow - 13, 90-93, 144, 145Full-fit - 19, 100 Mass balance - 101 Permeate flushing - 101Fungi - 58 Materials - 99, 122 Permeate staged system - 80, 81, 84Mechanical damage - 152 Permeate tank - 97, 113, 114Galvanic corrosion - 99 Media filter - 153 Permeate tube - 18Glycerin - 102 Media filtration - 54 pH meter - 97Gravity filter - 54 Membrane - 15, 19 pH range - 126Grease - 65 Membrane degradation - 65 Phenolic disinfectant - 134Greensand - 55 Membrane salt passage - 79 Phosphate - 51Membrane system - 72 Phosphate scaling - 51, 52, 126Heat sanitization - 134 Metal oxides - 122, 126, 148 Phosphorus - 51HEPA filter - 97, 100 Metal silicates - 47, 48, 56 Pilot test - 95Hexametaphosphate - 28, 33 MFI - 53 Pitting - 99High flow pumping - 125 MFI-UF - 53 Plate & frame - 18, 145High pressure pump - 95 Microfiltration - 10, 55, 56, 64 Plug flow - 78, 84Hollow fiber - 18 Microorganism - 58 Polyacrylates - 28, 48Hour meter - 97 Mixing tank - 124 Polyamide - 15HSRO - 134 Module - 18, 76, 77 Polyester web - 15Humic substances - 65 Molal/molar - 31 Polyphosphates - 51Hybrid system - 81 Monitoring - 98, 101 Polysulfone - 15, 147Page 178 of 180 ® Trademark of The Dow Chemical Company ("Dow") or an affiliated company of Dow Form No. 609-00071
Positive displacement pump - 95 Shutdown - 112-113 Temperature - 14, 48, 114, 133, 134, 149Post-chlorination - 98 Shutdown switches - 96 Temperature Correction Factor - 91, 118, 168Post-treatment - 72 Silica - 28, 29, 47, 126 Temperature limits - 96, 113, 123, 135, 136Potassium permanganate - 55 Silicate - 47, 65 Temperature units - 168Preservation - 113, 135, 136 Silicic acid - 47 Test unit - 144, 172-173Preservation solution - 135, 147 Silicone lubricant - 102 Testing - 94-95, 144Preservatives - 177 Silt - 126 Thrust ring - 102, 150Pressure drop - 92-93, 125, 145, 150, 152-154 Silt density index - 53, 54 TOC - 65Pressure dye test - 145 Single-module - 76 Transmembrane pressure - 10, 11Pressure filter - 54 Single-stage - 77 TRC - 61Pressure gauge - 97 Siphoning - 67, 112 Troubleshooting grid - 154Pressure vessel - 96, 102-106 Slow sand filtration - 64 Tubular - 18Pretreatment - 21, 117, 122 Small commercial system - 83 Turbidity - 53, 96Pretreatment chemicals - 52, 111 SMBS - 62, 135, 136Preventative cleaning - 30, 47 SMO - 99 U.S. units - 169Probing - 100, 140, 151 Soak - 125 U-cup brine seal - 102Profiling - 100, 140 Soak test - 171, 175-177 Ultrafiltration - 10, 55, 56, 64Pump impeller - 153 Soda ash - 29, 48 UPCORE - 28Sodium bisulfite - 62 UV - 64Quaternary germicides - 64, 134 Sodium chloride - 164, 170Sodium hydroxide - 81 Vacuum decay test - 143Record keeping - 114-117 Sodium hypochlorite - 55 Valves - 97Recorder - 98 Softening - 28, 40, 57 Viruses - 58Recovery - 13, 14, 72 Soil passage - 64 Visual inspection - 139, 143, 151Recycle - 125 Solubility product - 27, 30, 31Reducing agents - 61 Solute passage - 140, 145, 150-151 Water analysis - 24-26Rejection - 13 Solute rejection - 140, 144 Water hammer - 143, 149, 150, 153Reverse flow - 113 Spiral wound - 18 Water meter - 97Reverse Osmosis - 11, 12 Stabilized performance - 94, 112, 126, 137 Water permeation - 90Re-wetting - 136, 147 Staging ratio - 77, 86 Weighing - 143, 148Rhodamine - 145 Stainless steel - 99 Well - 57, 59, 68ROSA - 33, 87, 90, 94, 137 Standard seawater - 23 Wet element - 135Standard test - 20, 144 Wetting - 147S&DSI - 27, 36, 111 Start/stop - 112, 113Safety - 122 Start-up - 107-112, 114 X-ray analysis - 145Salinity - 22, 23, 114 Stiff & Davis - 27Salt passage - 13, 79, 90 Storage - 112, 135Salt rejection - 13, 72, 94 Strontium - 28, 29Sample port - 97 Strontium sulfate - 42Sampling points - 59, 100-101 Suck-back - 67, 113Sand - 54, 66 Sulfate scaling - 28, 40-42, 126-127, 148-149Sanitization - 58, 63, 132, 134 Sulfides - 66, 67Sanitization chemicals - 58, 64 Sulfur - 67, 68, 148SBS - 62 Surfactant - 150Scale inhibitor - 28, 33, 40, 48 Suspended matter - 56Scaling - 21, 26-52, 122, 139, 148-149, 153 Symbol definitions - 93Screening test - 94 System checking - 107SDI - 53, 54, 56, 101 System recovery - 91-93, 110Seawater - 23, 36, 61, 114 System salt passage - 79SEM - 145Semi-batch - 75, 84, 97 Tanks - 97Shimming - 103-104 Tapered recirculation system - 80Shipping - 135, 136 TBC - 59SHMP - 28 TCF - 91, 118SHMP, hydrolized - 28 TDS - 22, 116Shock treatment - 62 Telescoping - 150Page 179 of 180 ® Trademark of The Dow Chemical Company ("Dow") or an affiliated company of Dow Form No. 609-00071
Page 1 and 2:
DowWater SolutionsFILMTEC Reverse O
Page 3:
2.6 Biological Fouling Prevention .
Page 7 and 8:
1. Basics of Reverse Osmosis and Na
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Nanofiltration (NF)Nanofiltration r
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How to Use Reverse Osmosis and Nano
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1.4 Membrane DescriptionThe FILMTEC
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Membrane systems are typically desi
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1.8 Element CharacteristicsFILMTEC
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2. Water Chemistry and Pretreatment
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SeawaterSeawater with TDS of 35,000
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Table 2.5 Water analysis for RO/NFS
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Table 2.7 Solubility products of sp
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In this process, only Ca 2+ , Ba 2+
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For the concentration ranges presen
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The conditions for CaCO 3 scale con
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Figure 2.3 Langelier saturation ind
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These computations have been descri
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Figure 2.5 “K” versus ionic str
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Figure 2.6 Ksp for CaSO 4 versus io
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2.4.6 Calcium Fluoride Scale Preven
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Figure 2.8 K sp for SrSO 4 versus i
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2.4.7 Silica Scale PreventionDissol
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Table 2.10 Solubility of SiO 2 vers
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2.4.8 Calcium Phosphate Scale Preve
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Table 2.9 Various fouling indicesIn
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Frequent shutdowns and start-ups sh
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If the differential pressure across
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1. Intake (surface) or well, before
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or combined residual chlorine (CRC)
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2.6.5 DBNPADBNPA (2,2, dibromo-3-ni
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2.6.11 Use of Fouling Resistant Mem
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2.11 Treatment of Feedwater Contain
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2.13 Summary of Pretreatment Option
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26. Handbook of Industrial Membrane
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Table 3.1 System design information
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3.2 Batch vs. Continuous ProcessAn
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3.4 Single-Stage SystemIn a single-
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The apparent salt passage of the sy
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Instead of having a separate high-p
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3.9.1 Membrane System Design Guidel
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In Table 3.6, the small commercial
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Table 3.8 Number of stages of a sea
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3.11 System Performance Projection3
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3.11.2 Design Equations and Paramet
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Table 3.10 Design equations for pro
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3.11.3 Comparing Actual Performance
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The high-pressure concentrate is fe
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If the product water from an RO sys
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Besides the above recommendations,
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4. Loading of Pressure VesselsThis
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The process of shimming is performe
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4.5.2 Summary of Large Element Inte
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5. System Operation5.1 Introduction
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5.2.3 Start-Up SequenceProper start
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5.2.4 Membrane Start-Up Performance
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5.5.3 SeawaterIn principle, the ope
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Table 5.1 Reverse osmosis operating
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A. Normalized Permeate FlowQS=ΔPsP
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For the operating conditions we hav
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4. During recirculation of cleaning
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2. The cleaning pump should be size
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6.7 Effect of pH on Foulant Removal
Page 127 and 128: Cleaning ProcedureThere are seven s
Page 129 and 130: If the organic fouling is the resul
Page 131 and 132: There are two factors that greatly
Page 133 and 134: 7. Handling, Preservation and Stora
Page 135 and 136: 7.4 Preservation of RO and NF Syste
Page 137 and 138: If the normalized actual performanc
Page 139 and 140: 8.3.3 Localization of High Solute P
Page 141 and 142: Figure 8.2 Permeate probing apparat
Page 143 and 144: 8.4.5 Performance TestThe standard
Page 145 and 146: 8.5.1.1 Low Flow and Normal Solute
Page 147 and 148: . Metal Oxide FoulingMetal oxide fo
Page 149 and 150: . Organic FoulingThe adsorption of
Page 151 and 152: 8.5.3 High Pressure DropHigh differ
Page 153 and 154: In case of fullfit or heat sanitiza
Page 155 and 156: Breakpoint chlorinationBreak tankBr
Page 157 and 158: FeedThe input solution to a treatme
Page 159 and 160: Milligram per litre (mg/L)Mixed-bed
Page 161 and 162: SBS Sodium bisulfite, NaHSO 3.Scale
Page 163 and 164: 9.2 Specific Conductance of Sodium
Page 165 and 166: Figure 9.1 Conductivity of ionic so
Page 167 and 168: 9.6 Temperature Correction FactorTa
Page 169 and 170: 9.9 Osmotic Pressure of Sodium Chlo
Page 171 and 172: Details - TestEquipment andSpecific
Page 173 and 174: satisfactory for such a determinati
Page 175 and 176: case for almost all tested biocides
Page 177: 9.12 Key Word IndexAbrasion - 150 B
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FilmTec Technical Manual - Chester Paul Company

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