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ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS : SOIL IMPACTSWe can demonstrate, however, that this conclusion is wrong and dangerous forfarmers because in former risk assessments the behaviour of glyphosate in therhizosphere was not properly considered. In nutrient solution, rhizobox and potexperiments we can show that foliar applied glyphosate to target plants is releasedinto the rhizosphere after a fast translocation from shoots to roots. In therhizosphere glyphosate can obviously be stabilized long enough to achievenegative effects on non-target plants. Such a negative side effect is for exampleinhibited acquisition of micronutrients such as Mn, but also Zn, Fe and B, whichare involved in plant own disease resistance mechanisms. From this glyphosatetransfer from target to non-target plants (e.g. from weed to trees in orchards) wepredict an increase in disease problems, particularly on soils with lowmicronutrient availability as already reported in the USA. In view of plant and soilhealth, we urgently call for a re-assessment of glyphosate as herbicide.http://www.jpdp-online.com/Artikel.dll/02-Roemheld_MTAyNzEw.PDF20. Sun, X, L. J. Chen, Z. J. Wu, L. K. Zhou and H. Shimizu (2006) : Soilpersistence of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxin from transgenic Bt cottontissues and its effect on soil enzyme activities. Biology and Fertility ofSoils 43 (5) : 617-620.A silty loam soil was incubated with the leaves and stems of two transgenicsBacillus thuringiensis (Bt) cotton varieties and nontransgenic Bt cotton to studythe soil persistence of the Bt toxin from the decomposing transgenic Bt cottontissues and its effect on soil enzyme activities. The results showed that after btcotton tissue amendment, Bt toxin was introduced into soil upon decomposition;about 50% of the introduced Bt toxin persisted in soil for at least 56 days. No Bttoxin was detected in the nontransgenic Bt cotton-amended soil; the amount of Bttoxin was the highest in the soil treated with the residue with the higher Bt toxincontent. Activities of soil urease, acid phosphomonoesterase, invertase, andcellulase were stimulated by the addition of Bt cotton tissues, whereas activity ofsoil arylsulfatase was inhibited. Probably cotton tissue stimulated microbial activityin soil, and as a consequence, enzyme activities of soil were generally increased.This effect can mask any negative effect of the bt toxin on microbial activity andthus on enzyme activities.http://journals.ohiolink.edu/ejc/search.cgi?q=authorExact:%22Sun%2C%20C.%20X.%2221. Gordon B (2006) : Manganese nutrition of glyphosate resistant andconventional soybeans. Better Crops 91 (4) : 12-13.This study was conducted to determine if glyphosate-resistant (GR) soybeansrespond differently to Mn fertilizer than conventional soybean varieties in anirrigated high-yield environment, and if so to develop fertilization strategies thatwill prevent or correct deficiencies. Yield of the GR variety was less than the(163)