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ADVERSE IMPACTS OF TRANSGENIC CROPS/FOODS :A COMPILATION OF SCIENTIFIC REFERENCES WITH ABSTRACTSconditions, suggesting wild-type proficiency of translation. However, growth wasstrongly inhibited in media supplemented with methyl methane sulfate (MMS) ata concentration not affecting the wild type. This inhibition was accompanied bythe formation of tumor-like structures instead of auxiliary roots. Wild-typeseedlings treated with increasing concentrations of MMS up to a lethal dosenever displayed such a trait, neither was this phenotype observed in ars27Aplants in the absence of MMS or under other stress conditions. Thus, thehypersensitivity and tumorous growth are mutant-specific responses to thegenotoxic MMS treatment. Another important feature of the mutant is its inability toperform rapid degradation of transcripts after UV treatment, as seen in wild-typeplants. Therefore, we propose that the ARS27A protein is dispensable for proteinsynthesis under standard conditions but is required for the elimination of possiblydamaged mRNA after UV irradiation.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1171142/pdf/000490.pdf50. Patrick J. Krysan, Jeffery C. Young, and Michael R. Sussman (1999) : T-DNA as an Insertional Mutagen in Arabidopsis. The Plant Cell, Vol. 11,2283–2290With three-quarters of the Arabidopsis genome already sequenced and theexpected completion of the entire genome within the next year, the era of reversegenetics should yield simple and direct routes for exploring gene function. Inconjunction with other emerging genomic technologies, reverse genetic analysiswill provide a solid foundation upon which to build a more complete understandingof the complex interactions among the thousands of different genes present inArabidopsis.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC144136/pdf/112283.pdf51. Herve Vaucheret, Christophe Beclin, Taline Elmayan, Frank Feuerbach,Christian Godon, Jean-Benoit Morel, Philippe Mourrain, Jean-ChristophePalauqui, Samantha Vernhettes (1998) : Transgene-induced genesilencing in plants, The Plant Journal, Volume 16 (6): 651–659Conclusion:Which role(s) for transgene silencing?Transgene-induced gene silencing in plants can occur at the transcriptional orpost-transcriptional level. TGS occurs mainly when multiple repeats of a transgeneare inserted in the genome of transgenic plants. It correlates with condensationof chromatin and with methylation. The transfer of methylation and silencing fromone locus to another clearly indicates that independent parts of the genomecommunicate and exchange information. This transfer may occur through directDNA–DNA pairing. Alternatively, it could involve the production of diffusible RNA byone locus, leading to inactivation of homologous targets via an RNA–DNAinteraction (Park et al. 1996; Wassenegger & Pelissier 1998). Epigenetic(28)