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ADVERSE IMPACTS OF TRANSGENIC CROPS/FOODS :A COMPILATION OF SCIENTIFIC REFERENCES WITH ABSTRACTSGENETIC ENGINEERING & HEALTH IMPACTS1. Judy A. Carman, Howard R. Vlieger, Larry J. Ver Steeg, Verlyn E. Sneller,Garth W. Robinson, Catherine A. Clinch-Jones, Julie I. Haynes, John W.Edwards (2013) : A long-term toxicology study on pigs fed a combinedgenetically modified (GM) soy and GM maize diet ,Journal of OrganicSystems 8 (1) : 38-54.A significant number of genetically modified (GM) crops have been approved toenter human food and animal feed since 1996, including crops containing severalGM genes ‘stacked’ into the one plant. We randomised and fed isowean pigs(N=168) either a mixed GM soy and GM corn (maize) diet (N=84) or an equivalentnon-GM diet (N=84) in a long- term toxicology study of 22.7 weeks (the normallifespan of a commercial pig from weaning to slaughter) : Equal numbers of maleand female pigs were present in each group. The GM corn contained double andtriple-stacked varieties. Feed intake, weight gain, mortality and blood biochemistrywere measured. Organ weights and pathology were determined post-mortem.There were no differences between pigs fed the GM and non-GM diets for feedintake, weight gain, mortality, and routine blood biochemistry measurements.The GM diet was associated with gastric and uterine differences in pigs. GM-fedpigs had uteri that were 25% heavier than non-GM fed pigs (p=0.025) : GM-fedpigs had a higher rate of severe stomach inflammation with a rate of 32% of GMfedpigs compared to 12% of non-GM-fed pigs (p=0.004) : The severe stomachinflammation was worse in GM-fed males compared to non-GM fed males by afactor of 4.0 (p=0.041) : and GM-fed females compared to non-GM fed females bya factor of 2.2 (p=0.034) :http://www.organic-systems.org/journal/81/8106.pdf2. Gilles-Eric Seralini , Emilie Clair, Robin Mesnage, Steeve Gress, NicolasDefarge, Manuela Malatesta, Didier Hennequin, Joël Spiroux de Vendômois(2012) : Long term toxicity of a Roundup herbicide and a Roundup-tolerantgenetically modified maize, Food and Chemical Toxicology 50 (2012) 4221-4231The health effects of a Roundup-tolerant genetically modified maize (from 11% inthe diet), cultivated with or without Roundup, and Roundup alone (from 0.1 ppb inwater), were studied 2 years in rats. In females, all treated groups died 2-3 timesmore than controls, and more rapidly. This difference was vis-ible in 3 malegroups fed GMOs. All results were hormone and sex dependent, and thepathological pro-files were comparable. Females developed large mammarytumors almost always more often than and before controls, the pituitary was thesecond most disabled organ; the sex hormonal balance was mod-ified by GMOand Roundup treatments. In treated males, liver congestions and necrosis were2.5-5.5 times higher. This pathology was confirmed by optic and transmissionelectron microscopy. Marked and severe kidney nephropathies were also generally1.3-2.3 greater. Males presented 4 times more large palpable tumors than controlswhich occurred up to 600 days earlier. Biochemistry data confirmed very significant(66)