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ADVERSE IMPACTS OF TRANSGENIC CROPS/FOODS :A COMPILATION OF SCIENTIFIC REFERENCES WITH ABSTRACTSgreenhouse, growth chamber, and field experiments. Early applications ofglyphosate generally delayed N 2fixation and decreased biomass and Naccumulation in the cultivar Terral TV5866RR (TV5866RR) harvested at 19 d afteremergence (DAE), but plants had recovered by 40 DAE. The biomass and Ncontent of GT soybean were also decreased by glyphosate in plants that weregrown with available soil N. There were differences in sensitivity to glyphosateamong GT cultivars, with biomass decreases in response to glyphosate rangingfrom 0 to 30% at 40 DAE for the most tolerant and sensitive cultivars that wereevaluated. In growth chamber studies, N 2fixation was more sensitive to waterdeficits in glyphosate-treated plants. In field studies, there was no measuredeffect of glyphosate on GT soybean at Fayetteville, AR where there was adequatesoil water throughout the growing season. However, glyphosate tended to decreasebiomass and seed yields under conditions of limited soil water.https://www.crops.org/publications/aj/Abstracts/93/1/179?access=0&view=pdf42. Sanogo S, Yang, X., Scherm, H. (2000) : Effects of herbicides on Fusariumsolani f. sp. glycines and development of sudden death syndrome inglyphosate-tolerant soybean. Phytopathology 90: 57–66.Sudden death syndrome of soybean, caused by Fusarium solani f. sp. glycines,is a disease of increasing economic importance in the United States. Althoughthe ecology of sudden death syndrome has been extensively studied in relationto crop management practices such as tillage, irrigation, and cultivar selection,there is no information on the effects of herbicides on this disease. Threeherbicides (lactofen, glyphosate, and imazethapyr) commonly used in soybeanwere evaluated for their effects on the phenology of F. solani f. sp. glycines andthe development of sudden death syndrome in four soybean cultivars varying inresistance to the disease and in tolerance to glyphosate. Conidial germination,mycelial growth, and sporulation in vitro were reduced by glyphosate and lactofen.In growth-chamber and greenhouse experiments, there was a significant increasein disease severity and frequency of isolation of F. solani f. sp. glycines from rootsof all cultivars after application of imazethapyr or glyphosate compared with thecontrol treatment (no herbicide applied). Conversely, disease severity and isolationfrequency of F. solani f. sp. glycines decreased after application of lactofen. Acrossall herbicide treatments, severity of sudden death syndrome and isolationfrequency were lower in disease-resistant than in susceptible cultivars. Resultssuggest that glyphosate-tolerant and -nontolerant cultivars respond similarly toinfection by F. solani f. sp. glycines after herbicide application.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18944572(176)