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Assessment of Performance Measurement in - St Clements University

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that have accompanied <strong>in</strong>dustry evolution to global status are both<br />

dramatic and rapid. Televisions, motorcycles, sew<strong>in</strong>g mach<strong>in</strong>es, and<br />

automobiles are some particularly visible, though not typical examples<br />

<strong>of</strong> global products. Managers <strong>in</strong> nearly every <strong>in</strong>dustry must consider<br />

global competition a possibility if not a reality.<br />

There are many differences <strong>in</strong> compet<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>ternationally versus<br />

nationally, and these are usually emphasized <strong>in</strong> develop<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>ternational<br />

competitive strategy.<br />

- Factor cost differences among countries.<br />

- Differ<strong>in</strong>g circumstances <strong>in</strong> foreign market<br />

- Different roles <strong>of</strong> foreign governments,<br />

- Differences <strong>in</strong> goals, resources, and ability to monitor foreign<br />

competitors.<br />

However, the structural factors and market forces operat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> global<br />

<strong>in</strong>dustries are the same as those <strong>in</strong> more domestic <strong>in</strong>dustries. Industries<br />

must encompass foreign competitors, a wider pool <strong>of</strong> potential entrants,<br />

a broader scope <strong>of</strong> possible substitutes, and <strong>in</strong>creased possibilities that<br />

firms’ goals and personalities will differ as well as their perceptions <strong>of</strong><br />

what is strategically important. Most successful global strategies have<br />

been based on recognition <strong>of</strong> these market forces, <strong>in</strong> somewhat<br />

different (and more complex) context.<br />

2.10 IMPEDIMENTS TO GLOBAL COMPETITION:<br />

Firms can participate <strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong>ternational activities through three basic<br />

mechanisms: licens<strong>in</strong>g, export, and foreign direct <strong>in</strong>vestment. Usually a<br />

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