Strategic Research and Innovation Agenda for Renewable ... - EGEC

More documents

Recommendations

Info

4Strategic Research and Innovation Agenda for Renewable Heating & CoolingRHC applications and priorities for non-residential buildingsST.6ST.7Research and Innovation PrioritiesMultifunctional building components, including façadeand roof integrated collectors, for new and existing buildingsHighly efficient solar assisted cooling systems combiningheating and coolingPredominanttype of activityImpactDevelopment By 2020Development By 2020ST.8 Solar based hybrid systems for 100% renewable heat solutions Research By 2030ST.9 Research on new absorption and adsorption chillers Research By 2030Table 7: research and innovation priorities for solar thermal applications to non-residential buildings4.3 Biomass technologiesThere are a variety of biomass boiler technologies available to provide energy for heating andsanitary water to the service sector at very competitive costs. Rated thermal loads for theservice sector range from a few tens of kW up to the low MW range. Wood chips, pellets andother locally available biomass residues are applicable as fuels. The boilers are installedeither as single boiler solution or in cascades. When implemented in bi- or multivalent installations(these are installations using multiple energy carriers), biomass boilers are usuallyproviding the base load energy supply for economic reasons.For applications requiring a couple of 100 kW and smaller scaled rated loads, CHPs arepotentially interesting and economically feasible technology options if a reasonable numberof operating hours is achieved. Also, biomass-based cooling with absorption and adsorptionchillers are viable technology options.Capital costs biomass heat plants EUR/kWCapital costs biomass heat plants EUR/kW1000 1000800 800600 600400 400200 2002008 2008 2010 2010 2012 2012 2014 2014 2016 2016 2018 2018 2020 2020 2022 2022Domestic Domestic (12 (12 kW kW th ) th )Small Small commercial (100-200 (100-200 kW kW th ) th )Large Large commercial (350-1,500 kW kW th ) th )Small Small industry industry (100-1,000 (100-1,000 kW kW th ) th )Large Large industry industry (350-5,000 kW kW th ) th )%%25 2520 2015 1510 105 50 01990 1990 1995 1995 2000 2000Figure 28: potential evolution of capital costs for biomass heat plants (adapted from IEA 2012b)25 25EUR cent/kWhEUR cent/kWh20 2015 1510 105 52010 2010 2020 2020100 100Temperature (˚C) (˚C)50 500 08-16 8-16EUR/GJ EUR/GJDomestic Domestic6-12 6-12 4-9 4-9 4-9 4-94-9 4-9EUR/GJ EUR/GJ EUR/GJ EUR/GJ EUR/GJ EUR/GJ EUR/GJ EUR/GJSmall Small commercial Large Large commercial Small Small industry industry Large Large industry industry(100-200 (100-200 kW) kW) (350 (350 - 1,500 - 1,500 kW) kW) (100 (100 - 1,000 - 1,000 kW) kW) (350 (350 - 5,000kW) - 5,000kW)0 01870 1870 1920 1920Figure 29: Biomass heat production costs in 2010 and 2020 (adapted from IEA 2012b)44100 100 200 2002010 2010High High temperatureheat heat (>400˚C) (>400˚C)60% 60%
RenewableHeating & CoolingEuropean Technology Platform4.3.1 Research and innovation priorities with impact in the Short TermAs biomass technologies covering the heat and sanitary water demand of the servicesector become increasingly competitive, more demonstration projects are needed tocreate confidence and to spur Europe-wide diffusion. The main challenges are in the developmentand demonstration of cost-efficient and energy-efficient system concepts, whichmake use of different technologies for RHC in bi- or multivalent (hybrid) systems. Intelligentsystem design and effective heat storage are key priorities for efficiencyimprovements. Another core element is the development of integrated, plug & play controltechnology optimised for the integrated use of other renewable energy technologies andrelevant components.Whilst the above is mostly related to cross-cutting topics, the main challenges related onlyto biomass technology are the development of cost-effective solutions to reducedust emissions and the development of small scale CHPs.BIO.6ObjectiveCost effective solutions to reduce dust emissionsIn order to overcome the tightening of air quality requirements, secondary measuresto reduce dust emissions will be required in the future. Therefore, reliable and cost-effectivePM abatement technologies for applications of roughly 100 to 500 kW th are to be developedand demonstrated. These can either be fabric filters, electrostatic precipitators (ESPs) orscrubbers and/or condensers.Whilst sophisticated combustion systems for high-quality fuels should be able to withstandtighter air quality requirements with primary measures only, combustion of lower grade woody,non woody, RDF and pre-treated fuels will require the use of secondary measures.Their application must be able to show a clear economic trade off between increasedinvestments and fuel cost savings.State-of-the-artTargetsPM abatement technology is state-of-the-art for biomass plants of 500 kW nominalthermal loads and more. Typical investment costs for existing PM abatement technologiesare about 1/3 of the total investment costs of the biomass plant. For the thermal load rangeof 100 to 500 kW, there are no proven economically viable technologies available so far.Several technologies (bag house filters, fabric filters, ESPs, scrubbers) are under developmentand/or under demonstration, or just appearing on the market now. No technology hasreached successful commercialisation so far.Technological goals are to reliably achieve clean gas concentrations complying with therelevant air quality requirements with a successful decoupling of abatement technologyand boiler performance, and a maintenance-free operation.In order to become viable technology options, investment costs have to be reduced byroughly 25%. To do so, new production technologies for serial production of PM abatementtechnology is necessary.Type of activity40 % Development / 60% DemonstrationBIO.7ObjectiveCogeneration technologies and small scale biomass gasification technologiesThe objective is to develop and demonstrate technologically reliable and economicallycompetitive cogeneration technologies in an electric nominal power range of roughly 10to 250 kW electric. The technological options to be validated are Stirling engine, steam engine,ORC, and externally fired gas turbines based on biomass combustion, as well as internalcombustion engines (IC) or small-scale gas turbines using syngas from biomass gasification.Whilst for the combustion-based concepts it will be crucial to develop heat transfer conceptsthat avoid deposit formation on and fouling of heat exchangers, syngas quality will be crucialfor the success of gasification-based cogeneration concepts. The latter will require the furtherdevelopment of small-scale gasification concepts and the development of cost-effective syngascleaning technology to overcome tar problems. Applicable fuels range from wood pellets for thesmaller scale technologies, up to low grade wood chips or even locally available non-wood orpre-treated biomass fuels derived from waste streams for the technologies on the upper electricoutput range considered.For the demonstration stage applications allowing for an expected required minimum of5,000 hours of full load operation and a higher tolerance regarding different fuel qualitiesmust be identified. Heat use for heating purposes or for thermal cooling must be ensured.State-of-the-art So far, only IC concepts using biogas and / or biodiesel are commercially available in theconcerned scale. Solid biomass-based cogeneration technologies are not commerciallyavailable yet. Several concepts, based both on biomass combustion as well as on gasificationare under development however no technological breakthroughs have been achieved inrecent years.Targets Economic viability and cost competitiveness without the need of subsidies by 2020(assuming reference oil price of 100$ per barrel)Type of activity 25% Research / 50% Development / 25% Demonstration45
Page 1 and 2:
Strategic Research andInnovation Ag
Page 3:
Strategic Research and Innovation A
Page 6 and 7: Strategic Research and Innovation A
Page 9: RenewableHeating & CoolingEuropean
Page 14 and 15: 1Strategic Research and Innovation
Page 16 and 17: 42.RenewableHeating & Cooling:Visio
Page 19 and 20: RenewableHeating & CoolingEuropean
Page 21 and 22: M200300100200010002006/072006/07203
Page 25 and 26: 3.RHC applicationsand prioritiesfor
Page 33 and 34: Central EuropeIndustrial process he
Page 40: 3Strategic Research and Innovation
Page 45 and 46: t2005 2010 2015 2020rmptionBorehole
Page 62 and 63: 505.RHC applicationsto industrialpr
Page 64 and 65: 50 0Low temp Medium temp High tempS
Page 72 and 73: 606.District Heatingand Cooling
Page 74 and 75: 00 kW th )th)6ial (100-200 kW th )5
Page 78 and 79: 602000 2020 2050Strategic Research
Page 84 and 85: 727.Enablingtechnology
Page 107 and 108:
RenewableHeating & CoolingEuropean
Page 109 and 110:
Page 111 and 112:
Page 113 and 114:
Page 116:
show all

Strategic Research and Innovation Agenda for Renewable ... - EGEC

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?