Strategic Research and Innovation Agenda for Renewable ... - EGEC

RenewableHeating & CoolingEuropean Technology PlatformSolar ThermalGeothermalhigh Tsemi-high Tmedium TSolar collectorslow TBiomassCHP plant Industry Buildings Passive buildings, agricultureInput from deep geothermal,biomass, large solar thermalHT storage options LT205090%60%30%0%Efficiency vofelectricity yield70Adapted from drawing byRalf-Roman Schmidt (AIT) -The 13th InternationalSymposium on DistrictHeating and Cooling,September 3rd to 4th, 2012,Copenhagen, Denmark.71The concept of SmartThermal Grids is furtherdeveloped in RHC-Platform(2012d)Tfg = 70˚CFigure 43: Schematic view of a heat cascading network 70100% = 7.6 bn.€100% = 1,180 Mtoe6.4.1 100% Research RHC and 1% innovation priorities with impact in the Short TermOther H&C 6%Other H&C 14%CCT.17Large scale demonstration of Smart Thermal Grids80%Objective Demonstration of large Smart Thermal Grids which have the following characteristics:• They have to adapt fast to changes in energy supply and demand,H&Cin a medium-term33%by60%adaptation of the temperature level in existing networks and the installation of new distributedEuratom 69%micro-networks and in a long-term by adjusting the network development with urban planning.• They should be intelligently planned and operated as well as enable the end-user to interact40%with the heating and cooling system.Electricity 21%• They need to be integrated in the whole urban energy system from a spatial point of view(related to urban planning parameters and processes) and from an energy system point of view20% RES electricity 14% (e.g. with optimised interfaces to other urban networks – electricity, sewage, waste, ICT, etc).• They will help to achieve the highest overall efficiency of the energy system, by choosing theOther energy R&DTransport 32%(non-nuclear) 10%optimal combination of technologies and enable a maximum exploitation of available local0%energy resources by cascade usage.• The implemented solutions will be effective in comparison to non-integrated approaches.Solutions Funding will for have energy a significant research impact on the Final overall energy urban consumption energy system efficiency when thebroad diffusionunder FP7of(2007-2013)the technology is given, togetherin EUwithin 2010environmental benefits to consumers.• They need to be attractive for the citizens and investors by increasing the cost efficiency,creating possibilities for the customers to participate and developing new business models.Advanced district heating systems must be developed that are able to deal with both centralisedand decentralised, hybrid sources (e.g. solar thermal, biomass, geothermal, heat pumps, wasteheat, waste-to-energy, excess renewable electricity, storage). In addition, smart metering andload management systems are needed for the integration of thermal and electrical grids into aliberalised energy market. Such smart thermal grids have an important potential to meet the loadbalancing needs of combined heat and power production in a liberalised market for electricity.Private Investments terms 60% of components, specific decentralised European cooling Commission and air-conditioning 20% units for districtEUR 2,432 million heating systems are needed, as well as new EUR cost-optimized 800 million forms of long-term heat storages(more on this in Chapter 5). Integration and standardisation of thermal components are requiredto decrease their price and increase their efficiency. For existing heating grids the integrationof heat pumps for active flue gas condensation may be a viable concept, which shouldbe demonstrated. The development and demonstration of bi-directional grids may be aninteresting system option for new grids. 71State-of-the-artTargetsType of activityThe deployment of Smart Thermal Grids as described above is almost inexistent in Europe.The most advanced systems usually comply Member with only States part 20% of it. This situation comes from thefact that despite cities are composed of a number EUR 800 of million networks – ICT, electricity, heat, cooling,transport, water, etc. – they are developed in parallel, with no real interaction sometimes or evenon a competitive basis• 25% share of renewable energy in District Heating• At least 10 large scale projects using DHC networks as back-up for excess renewable electricity• At least 5 large Smart Thermal Grid scale projects complying with the strategic implicationsdescribed above20% Development / 80 % DemonstrationTfg = 120˚CTfg = 200˚C69