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RN06: ICE MANAGEMENT – STATE OF THE ART REPORT // Hazard Identification (HAZID) WorkshopItem NumberIM PhaseGenericHAZARD Cause/ Event ConsequencesSafeguards/ MitigatingbarriersTotal RankRecommendations/Comments/Actions12,5 Tracking Method fails Communicationfailurewrong/lackingtrajectory,position ofthreat is not fullyunderstoodCommon termsand criterias.Standardizedmaps 1743,0 Physical IM Loads wronglymonitoredError onmonitoringsystemOverload onrisers. Wrongfeedback to IMoperationData frommultiple sources/systems.172,1 Detection Lack or limitedice informationDifficult todetect andevaluateincoming iceLate or wrongdetection of iceUse severaldifferent sources17Scouting vessel,helicopterreconnaissance,ice radar, visualobservation.Terrasat useful,Radarsat useful,but expensive.Underwatersonars. Metforecast. Driftbouys, AIS/tracking. How toevaluate the icefeature?1,0 Detection No satellitedata, opticalWeathercondition,clouds/fogLate detection ofapproaching icefeatures.Latemobilization.Incorrect georeferencingsystem.Ice radarScoutingvessels. Possibleto optimizeimage Correctresolution17Depending/limited onweathercondition2,6 Detection MeteorologicalconditionsimpairspredictionOccurrence ofbad weatherdecisionstaken onmisinterpreteddataUse differentsources17bad weather,lack of info35,2 Physical IM OperationinefficientExceedingice loads onmanaged vesselexceedingpredefinedmanaged icedimensionsWrongprocedures, lackof training.1630,0 Physical IM Suboptimalexecutionmiscommunicationof ice data. lackof operability.Exceeding iceloads, Partlymanaged ice hitsstructureTraining andassessed competence.Manoeuverabilityof IB16Man canonly reduceperformance ofa system42,0 Physical IM Off-set wronglymonitoredError onmonitoringsystemOverload onrisersData frommultiple sources/systems.1628,0 Physical IM failure in physicalgrowler/bergy bitmanagementLack of shiphandling skillsand weatherDangerous icecoming throughvisualobservationfrom managingvessel (observebearing).Disconnect.Training. Watercanon, propellerwashing15on/off operation226RUSSIAN–NORWEGIAN COOPERATION PROJECT
RN06: ICE MANAGEMENT – STATE OF THE ART REPORT // Hazard Identification (HAZID) WorkshopBarents 20203.3. FindingsBased on the ranked HAZID log, there were severalissues that ranged high in both the working groups.Threat Evaluation was identified as a hazardthat involved both high impact and relatively highprobability. The system for Threat Evaluationis highly complex, involving large amounts ofcommunication, several data sources and monitoringa constantly changing environment. In additionto this there might be conflict of interest betweenthe different parties involved/contractors, e.g. thevessel operators do not want to cause excessivewear on machinery or damage their vessels while theinstallation manager only has focus on keeping upthe production.Due to the short time intervals importantdecisions have to be taken on a continuous basis anddecision quality assurance systems might be too timeconsuming/notwork sufficiently to comply with thedemand for safe operation.The challenges related to the monotonousoperation in the category Physical Ice Managementwas also identified as a possible hazard. IceManagement operation can for long periods of timeinvolve standby activities. During other periodswhen large amounts of ice is drifting at large speeds,especially if there are ridges present, ice managementcan be particularly strenuous, exposing the crew tothe risk of fatigue as sleep becomes difficult whenconstantly icebreaking. The impact of this hazardcould reduce the effect of ice management andincrease the risk of collisions.The whole ice management system is dependenton a reliable Surveillance System (Detection,Tracking, Forecasting). The Detection Systeminvolves different sources of data, e.g. satellite imagesand ice radars. The reliability and update frequencyof such systems vary, e.g. due to non-controllableevents like atmospheric conditions. Unless thereis some redundancy small deficiencies in the datagathering system may have effects on the efficiency ofthe ice management system.Concerns were also expressed with regards to theTracing of the ice movement. Developing algorithmsdescribing the ice trajectories requires extensivedata sets developed over time. The data fed intothe models will be both the local ice conditions inaddition to short-term, high resolution weatherforecasts. Uncertainties in the input parameters willtranspose through the model and can result in arelatively high uncertainty, represented by a widedistribution of the expected trajectories.3.4. Conclusions from HAZID workshopThe HAZID identifies many sources of uncertaintyrelated to the different tasks required of efficientice management operations. As the field of icemanagement is relatively immature, there is a greatneed for extensive full scale data sets describing theindividual tasks. It is hard to conduct an efficiency/safety analysis without full scale data.The HAZID also proved the need for specialdesignated resources and competence to beallocated during the development and utilizationof ice management operation. The complexityof the system, lack of redundancy (due to hugeeconomic costs) and dependency on even minorcomponents makes an ice management systemespecially vulnerable. This can only be mitigatedthrough extensive knowledge and experience. Untilthis competence is developed most ice managementoperations will progress through a less scientificapproach, making documentation and efficiency/safety assessments difficult.Due to limited prediction methods and dataavailable before starting up an ice managementoperation, the operation should start with largesafety margins before experience is built up and datafor the actual operation collected, following whichthe margins can be reduced.Report no 2012-0690 227
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Barents 2020Report no 2012-0690 1
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Barents 2020Barents 2020Assessment
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Barents 20206. Contents of Risk Man
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Barents 20203. Hazard Identificatio
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Barents 2020CONCLUSIVE SUMMARYThe B
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2. Cooperation PartnersThe last Ste
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RN02: DESIGN OF FLOATING STRUCTURES
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RN03: RISK MANAGEMENT OF MAJOR HAZA
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RN04: ESCAPE, EVACUATION AND RESCUE
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Page 255 and 256: RN07 // APPENDIXBarents 2020Table A
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