Literature Review: Pregnant and breastfeeding ... - Eat For Health

Reference Chatzi 2008Dietary patterns Mediterranean diet (high intake of vegetables, legumes, fruits and nuts, cereal, fish, dairy products and low intake of red meat)Study typeProspective cohort studyLevel of evidence II (aetiology)Setting Women presenting antenatal care at general practices in Menorca, a Mediterranean island in Spain (mid 1997 to mid 1998)FundingInstituto de Salud Carlos III red de Grupos Infancia y Media Ambiente, the Fundacio “La Caixa”, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, red de Centros deInvestigacion en Epidemiologica y Salud Publica, EU, National Center for Environmental Health, USA, the GA2LEN project, Ministry of Education andScience, Spain, Oficina de Ciencia y Tecnologia, Generalitat Valenciana.Participants482 children of 507 women who had attended antenatal care in MenorcaBaseline comparisons See confounding belowTimingnot clear when women did FFQ and period of pregnancy it was intended to coverComparison Mediterranean diet score (0 = minimal adherence to 7 = maximal adherence): high Mediterranean diet quality (4-7) v low Mediterranean diet quality (≤3) [dairy assumed to be protective for pregnant women; alcohol consumption not included in the score]OutcomesPersistent wheeze, atopic wheeze and atopy at 6.5 years [gestational age; birthweight]ResultsPersistent wheeze at 6.5 yearsaOR 0.23 95% CI 0.09 to 0.60 (also adjusted for firstborn and lower respiratory tract infections at age 1)aOR 0.22 95% CI 0.08 to 0.58 (additionally adjusted for child’s adherence to a Mediterranean diet)Atopic wheeze at 6.5 yearsaOR 0.34 95% CI 0.12 to 0.97 (also adjusted for birthweight and maternal atopy)aOR 0.30 95% CI 0.10 to 0.90 (additionally adjusted for child’s adherence to a Mediterranean diet)Atopy at 6.5 yearsaOR 0.55 95% CI 0.32 to 0.97 (also adjusted for birthweight and maternal atopy)aOR 0.55 95% CI 0.31 to 0.97 (additionally adjusted for child’s adherence to a Mediterranean diet)High level of adherence to a Mediterranean diet and gestational age: p = 0.477High level of adherence to a Mediterranean diet and birthweight: p = 0.906Followup6.5 yearsConfounding Analyses adjusted for gender, maternal and paternal asthma, maternal social class and education, BMI at age 6.5 years and total energy intake at 6.5yearsRisk of biasLow risk of bias: Results from 468/482 children (97%) able to be analysed (6 incomplete data and 8 implausible values);RelevanceDiets in Menorca may differ from diets of Australian women, particularly urban womenOther commentsPregnancy and Breastfeeding Dietary Patterns25