Literature Review: Pregnant and breastfeeding ... - Eat For Health

Reference Olafsdottir 2006Dietary patterns Eating more (in either early or late pregnancy)Study typeProspective cohort studyLevel of evidence II (aetiology)SettingIcelandFundingIcelandic Research Council, University of Iceland Research FundParticipants495 randomly selected healthy pregnant women attending a routine first antenatal visitBaseline comparisons See confounding belowDietary assessment FFQTimingAt 11-15 weeks gestation; and 34-37 weeks gestation (to reflect food intake for the last 3 months)ComparisonEating more versus not eating more than usual (in either early or late pregnancy)OutcomesGestational weight gain (optimal weight gain defined as 12.1 to 18.0 kg for women with normal pre-pregnancy weight; and 7.1 to 12.0 kg for overweightwomen)Results20% of the 301 women with BMI < 25 at first visit had excessive gestational weight gain;55% of the 194 women with BMI ≥ 25 at first visit had excessive gestational weight gainEating more in early pregnancyAt least optimal weight gain: aOR 1.00 95% 0.55 to 1.84Excessive weight gain: aOR 1.60 95% CI 0.91 to 2.79Eating more in late pregnancyAt least optimal weight gain: aOR 3.32 95% 1.81 to 6.09Excessive weight gain: aOR 2.04 95% CI 1.17 to 3.58FollowupConfoundingRisk of biasRelevanceOther commentsTo birthAdjusted for maternal age, gestational length and smokingLow to moderate risk of bias: of the 549 women enrolled, 495 (90%) completed the study; 54 women were excluded (17 miscarriage/stillbirths, 5 sets oftwins or triplets, 17 preterm births, 15 missing data); 89 women did not complete FFQ at the second timepoint and so only 406 women could beincluded for measures relating to late pregnancy; limited number of confounders used in adjusted analysesLikely to be reasonably relevant to Australian womenPregnancy and Breastfeeding Dietary Patterns49