Literature Review: Pregnant and breastfeeding ... - Eat For Health

Reference Mikkelsen 2008Dietary patterns Mediterranean diet (consumption of fish twice a week or more, intake of olive or canola oil, high consumption of fruits and vegetables (5 a day or more),meat (other than poultry or fish) at most twice a week, and at most 2 cups of coffee a day)Study typeProspective cohort studyLevel of evidence IISettingDenmark (part of the Danish National Birth Cohort (DBNC))FundingMarch of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation, Danish National Research Foundation, Danish Medical Research Foundation, Danish Health Foundation,Danish Heart Foundation, EU FP7 consortium (EARNEST), Pharmacy Foundation, Egmont Foundation, Augustinus Foundation.Participants 35,530 pregnant women recruited from 1996 to 2002Exclusions: women who smoked, women aged < 21 and > 38 years, BMI < 19 and > 32, a history of more than 3 abortions, twin pregnancies, chronichypertension, women with a calculated energy intake < 4,200 kJ and > 16,700 kJBaseline comparisons BMIs were significantly lower in the MD and none groups.Dietary assessment FFQTimingFFQ mailed to all DBNC participants in 25 th week of gestationComparisonMediterranean diet (fulfilled all 5 criteria – see above) v partial (fulfilled 1-4 criteria) v none (none of the criteria fulfilled)OutcomesPreterm birthResults5 v 0 CRITERIA:Preterm birth < 37 weeksOR 0.79 95% CI 0.50 to 1.27aOR 0.61 95% CI 0.35 to 1.05Early preterm birth < 35 weeksOR 0.52 95% CI 0.22 to 1.22aOR 0.28 95% CI 0.11 to 0.76Late preterm birth 35-36 weeksOR 0.94 95% CI 0.54 to 1.65aOR 0.82 95% CI 0.43 to 1.575 v 1-4 CRITERIA:Preterm birth < 37 weeksOR 1.00 95% CI 0.74 to 1.33aOR 0.92 95% CI 0.69 to 1.24Early preterm birth < 35 weeksOR 0.63 95% CI 0.35 to 1.15aOR 0.58 95% CI 0.32 to 1.06Late preterm birth 35-36 weeksOR 1.20 95% CI 0.86 to 1.67aOR 1.11 95% CI 0.80 to 1.55Pregnancy and Breastfeeding Dietary Patterns45