Design Guide for Community Water Systems - The Water, Sanitation ...

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t. Housing. Bagged salt and dry bulk salt storage shall be enclosed andseparated from other operating areas in order to prevent damage toequipment.4.6. Aeration.Aeration may be used to help remove offensive tastes and odors due to dissolvedgases from decomposing organic matter, or to reduce or remove objectionableamounts of carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, etc., and to introduce oxygen to assistin iron and/or manganese removal. The design criteria in this section 4.6. is notintended for facilities to remove organics.4.6.1 Forced or induced draft aeration.Forced or induced draft aeration devices shall:a. Include a blower with a weatherproof motor in a tight housing andscreened enclosure;b. Insure adequate counter current of air through the enclosed aeratorcolumn;c. Exhaust air directly to the outside atmosphere;d. Include a down-turned and 18-mesh screened air outlet and inlet;e. Be designed such that air introduced in the column shall be as free fromobnoxious fumes, dust, and dirt as possible;f. Be designed such that one side or a portion of one side may be openedfor inspection and maintenance of the interior of the aerator, andlocated so that all aspects of the aerator are easily accessible formaintenance;g. Provide loading at a rate of one to five gallons per minute for eachsquare foot of total tray area;h. Insure that the water outlet is adequately sealed to prevent unwarrantedloss of air;i. Discharge through a series of five or more trays with separation of traysnot less than six inches;j. Provide distribution of water uniformly over the top tray;k. Be resistant to the aggressiveness of the water and dissolved gases;l. Provide for bypassing the treatment process with aerated water tofacilitate disposal of iron residue during cleaning;m. Not be located inside a building; andn. Be constructed of stainless steel or aluminum.4.6.2 Pressure aeration.Pressure aeration may be used for oxidation purposes only if pilot plant studyindicates the method is applicable. It is not acceptable for removal ofdissolved gases. Filters following pressure aeration must have adequateexhaust devices for release of air. Pressure aeration devices shall be designedto:Aug. 29, 2003Page 76
a. Give thorough mixing of compressed air with water being treated;b. Provide screened and filtered air, free of obnoxious fumes, dust, dirt,and other contaminants;c. Have the necessary delivery capacity of air at 5 psi to 10 psi pressure,depending upon depth of water in the basin;d. Give a detention period of 5 to 15 minutes based on design flow; ande. Provide from 0.005 cubic foot to 0.2 cubic foot per gallon of wateraerated.4.6.3. Spraying.a. Distribute water through spray nozzles with a pressure ofapproximately ten psi at the throat;b. The area covered by the spray from each nozzle from about 10 to 200square feet;c. The output per nozzle from 40 to 175 gallons per minute, dependingupon the type of nozzle; andd. Protection from loss of spray water by wind carriage by enclosure withlouvers sloped to the inside at an angle of approximately 45 degrees.4.6.3 Other methods of aeration.Other methods of aeration may be used if applicable to the treatment needs,subject to the approval of the department.4.6.4 Protection of aerators.All aerators except those discharging to lime softening or clarification plantsshall be protected from contamination from birds, insects, and windbornedebris.4.6.5 Disinfection.Groundwater supplies exposed to the atmosphere by aeration must receivechlorination as the minimum additional treatment.4.6.6 Bypass.A bypass shall be provided for all aeration units.4.6.7 Corrosion control.The aggressiveness of the water after aeration should be determined andcorrected by additional treatment, if necessary.Aug. 29, 2003Page 77
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Design GuideforCommunity Water Syst
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2.18. AUTOMATION. .................
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4.3.11. Waste Disposal. ...........
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CHAPTER 6 -- MINIMUM CONSTRUCTION R
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Maximum Hour Demand -- The amount o
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and deviations are subject to indiv
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(blank)Aug. 29, 2003Page viii
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a. A description of the nature and
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a. Hydrological data, stream flow,
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4. Be conducted under the same oper
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maintaining the new technology and
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1.2.1. Plans shall include:a. Suita
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name, number, effective date, publi
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e. The site will provide all-weathe
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chlorine residual by methods in "St
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etween them, a six-inch band of con
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Page 46 and 47: a. Regulated recreational activitie
Page 48: e done to determine the degree and
Page 51: 1. Pumping rate;2. Pumping water le
Page 55 and 56: sieve analyses of the water bearing
Page 57 and 58: e circulated in the annular space s
Page 59 and 60: emoved. Therefore, every well shoul
Page 61 and 62: 3.2.6.4. Pitless well units.a. The
Page 63 and 64: SIZE (inches)6 id.8101214 od.161820
Page 65 and 66: Chapter 4 -- Tre atment4.0. General
Page 67 and 68: settling basins shall be not less t
Page 69 and 70: 3. Shall have valves located outsid
Page 71: d. Be automatic. Timers on automati
Page 76 and 77: 2. Uniformity coefficient not great
Page 78 and 79: j. During air scour, the backwash w
Page 80 and 81: . An easily readable meter or flow
Page 82 and 83: 4.3.4. Design Pressure Drop or Tran
Page 84 and 85: 4.3.9. Flow Meters.Totaling rate of
Page 86 and 87: utilized, shall be 1.0 milligrams p
Page 88 and 89: . Removal of precursors prior to ch
Page 90 and 91: 5. Consideration shall be given to
Page 92 and 93: . Pre-treatment requirements. Iron,
Page 96 and 97: 4.7. Iron and Manganese ControlIron
Page 98 and 99: Where phosphate treatment is used,
Page 100 and 101: 3. Series and parallel flow piping
Page 102 and 103: approval of the department before u
Page 104 and 105: contact time must be provided to co
Page 106 and 107: a. Sanitary sewers with the approva
Page 108 and 109: 1. Obtain a letter of approval from
Page 110 and 111: 6. The provisions for the final dis
Page 112 and 113: a. Missouri River or Mississippi Ri
Page 114 and 115: 5.0.3. General equipment design.Gen
Page 116 and 117: minimize chemical dust created by t
Page 118 and 119: 1. At least 30 days of chemical sup
Page 120 and 121: e. Hand pumps shall be provided for
Page 122 and 123: 5.2. Chemicals.5.2.1 Shipping conta
Page 124 and 125: outside atmosphere, above grade and
Page 126 and 127: 5.4.2. Acids.a. Acids shall be kept
Page 128 and 129: 4. Anhydrous ammonia contact with c
Page 130 and 131: combustible material.2. Powdered ac
Page 132 and 133: fluoride feed line when a metering
Page 134 and 135: possibility for overfeed.h. Protect
Page 136 and 137: caution.d. Where taste and odor con
Page 138 and 139: e installed to monitor the flow of
Page 140 and 141: the generator dielectrics. Sufficie
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g. Water from pump gland drainage s
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6.3. Pumps.6.3.1.Pumps shall be siz
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6.4.2.2. Suction lines.Suction line
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cessation of minimum essential serv
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parameters: average winter (Decembe
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a. Overflows shall be sized to perm
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additional shielding to prevent the
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largest pump out of service shall b
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7.1.4. CostsAs part of the final en
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7.4. Hydropneumatic Storage7.4.1. H
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provided on larger tanks as needed
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7.5.2. Fire Suppression Rating Sche
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in areas served by rural water dist
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connected directly to any sewer. Su
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8.6.5. Force mains.There shall be a
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8.11.2. Filling device.A filling de
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