Danube Rivers Morphology and Revitalization - DANUBEPARKS

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2.3.5. Cernovca background Information:The first attempt of large-scale farming in the Delta dates back about 100years (1895) and concerns an area situated between km 82 and 88 on the St.Georghe branch, the so-called 'Garden of the Dutch'. ANTIPA (1907, 1911) considersthe more holistic problems of agricultural use in the inundation area on the lowerDanube and the Delta (see also BOTNARIUC 1960). He points out that farming inthe Delta "has on the one hand to be founded on a most precise knowledge of thephysical and biologic conditions of these areas, i.e. the climate, the soil nature,hydrographical conditions, fauna and flora and that on the other hand any generaland specific economical conditions have to be considered” (ANTIPA, 1911, p. 387).An analysis of the Danube Delta's ecological conditions leads to the conclusion, thatfarming is only possible on the embankments (grinduri) and the higher situated floodchannels. (***, 1997)The first embankment of a 3400 ha area was carried out from 1938-1940on Tataru island situated upstream of Babina and Cernovca in the Chilia-branch(RuDESCU et al. 1965). In 1983, the Programme for the remodeling andintegral use of the natural resources in the Danube Delta' (decree Nr. 92/1983)planned the embankment of Babina, Cernovca and other areas for agricultural use.(***, 1997)Cernovca had been reserved for rice-growing although the soil analysisshowed that the island consisted mainly of agriculturally unusable marshland.Moreover, the soil salinization in the western part of the islet, caused by a highevaporation rate, had not been taken into account (see also ANTIPA 1 91 1) Thiswas likely because under natural conditions, and thanks to periodical inundations,there seemed to be a balance that prevented salinization. Other information pointingout the high soil salinization and the formation of solonchak-soils as a consequenceof four decades of embankment and drainages in Ukraine, on the left Chilia - branchbank, had as well been ignored. (***, 1997)The dykes for Babina were initiated in 1985 and in 1987 for Cernovca.As a consequence of these measures the islands were cut off from theinundation regime of the Danube. The dams surrounding the islands are situatedat a distance of about 75 -1 00 m from their bank and are about 2.05-3.79 mover Black Sea level (this included freeboard to prevent inundation). Thematerial needed for the construction of the dams was excavated along the dam,so that outside the dam a circular channel was formed. For Cernovca, this damis partly situated inside (***, 1997)In order to lower the groundwater level, a network of main andsecondary channels as well as pumping stations was constructed. In Babinapolder, leveling works were realized and the reed rhizomes were removed bymeans of mechanical measures. Therefore, the ground was ploughed 28-30 cmdeep. (***, 1997).
These measures radically altered the relief of the islets which hadformerly been shaped by the Danube. Although on Babina the changes werecompleted. On Cernovca the measures were not brought to an end. OnCernovca only the western part was ploughed which is evident in the vegetationdistribution in the furrows with small elevation differences. (***, 1997)From an ecological point of view, cutting off the islands from theDanube flood regime meant elimination of a major factor and caused dramaticalterations as regards the water balance. Leveling and canalization destroyedmajor parts of the islands characteristic water network of small watercoursesand flood channels. Air photographies show that it is true for almost all CernovcaIslet; the former streams have been preserved. On Cernovca, however, thestructures of the former flood channels and smaller watercourses are moredistinctly visible. Only groundwater fluctuations of -0.80 to 1.7 3 m below BlackSea level in Cernovca polder implied a slight dynamics. Within the drainageditch and channel network of the polder, the water circulation was almost nonexistent.(***, 1997)2.3.6 Extra information ((Cernovca Islet):Links to other sources of information online, and/or extra files (pdf, jpeg,etc) containing more detailed information about the project.file name or linkHard copyhttp://www.indd.tim.ro/DescriptionEcological restoration in the Danube Delta BiosphereReserve / RomaniaLink with DDNI web site
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MINISTERUL MEDIULUI SI PADURILORINS
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WORK TEAM‣ DANUBE DELTA NATIONAL
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Phase 1 - Preparation of the Danube
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The river restoration projects prec
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the Upper Danube and > 30 km in the
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navigation. Hence, the creation and
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Non-native and Invasive speciesFor
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members of the public, and cooperat
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activities. This principle is actua
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2007. The exercise should be finali
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from 30 ha to 600.000 ha, have been
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Challenges and recommendations for
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Bureaucracy, corruption, and politi
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MATERIALS AND METHODS WITHIN PHASE
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addresses the longitudinal linkages
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create an adequate territorial plan
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Activity 1.2. A public debate about
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Aims of the project:• Bring back
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• strengthening capacity to prote
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Elaborate detailed technical engine
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Project name:3. Extension of the ex
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Whole the area of Belene Island com
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improve what was left of the rich n
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sections about 35 ha of new gravel
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fish, the hard construction caused
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Results of the project:At the end o
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The higher reaches of the slopes wh
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The new channel, which rejoins the
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Project name:10. National Park Dona
Page 59 and 60: Project name:12. LIFE05NAT/SK/00011
Page 61 and 62: presentation of the project in medi
Page 63 and 64: Project name:13. Krapje Djol (Croat
Page 65 and 66: Project name:15. Ecological Restora
Page 67 and 68: • the periodical alternation of f
Page 69 and 70: Another important finding was that
Page 71 and 72: een destroyed. Since the political
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Page 75 and 76: Such tools are:• "time line chart
Page 77 and 78: 1.1.2. Classification of Danube Riv
Page 79 and 80: CONCLUSIONSAlong the Danube River,
Page 81 and 82: BIBLIOGRAPHY1. Binder W., (2008), R
Page 83 and 84: MINISTERUL MEDIULUI SI PADURILORINS
Page 85 and 86: WORK TEAM DANUBE DELTA NATIONAL INS
Page 87 and 88: Phase 2 - Comprehensive Danube Rive
Page 89 and 90: This first activity consists in the
Page 91 and 92: The river grows and the gradient le
Page 93 and 94: The importance of the connectivityC
Page 95 and 96: Does the design invite invasive spe
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Page 99 and 100: Table 2- List of revitalisation pro
Page 102 and 103: 2.3.2. Background information (Babi
Page 104 and 105: Catchment3 area size:4 Geology1 sma
Page 106 and 107: 456to improve longitudinalconnectiv
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Page 112 and 113: 2.3.7. Ecological reconstruction im
Page 114 and 115: For the areas, the reestablishment
Page 116 and 117: Once a general agreement on reasona
Page 118 and 119: BIBLIOGRAPHY1. Benke, A. C. (2001),
Page 120 and 121: MINISTERUL MEDIULUI SI PADURILORINS
Page 122 and 123: WORK TEAM‣ DANUBE DELTA NATIONAL
Page 124 and 125: III.2.2. Ecoregions and surface wat
Page 126 and 127: The geometric features of the river
Page 128 and 129: Revitalization as defined in Los An
Page 130 and 131: Danube Basin region is a functional
Page 132 and 133: egimes. However, the Iron Curtain a
Page 134 and 135: The main issuesEnvironment in the D
Page 136 and 137: states that joined at different tim
Page 138 and 139: The role and contribution of Romani
Page 140 and 141: Types of eligible expenditure- Gene
Page 142 and 143: I.4 Conceptual Framework and its re
Page 144 and 145: Is the river able to connect with i
Page 146 and 147: certain locations on the same strea
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Page 150 and 151: Creating oportunities and valuesIn
Page 152 and 153: Figure 4 - General model of ecosyst
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Page 156 and 157: Starting form the Corine Land Cover
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Figure 8 - Adding another category
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Reserves (m3)Indicators of availabi
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EconomicEconomic performanceEconomi
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and compared to other MCA methods (
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ii. Tourism attractiveness - of the
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• Incorporate risk analysis into
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the River in Cat’s Bend, Romania,
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Also, all the difficulties and succ
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wetlands that are natural habitats
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Thus, in the given circumstances, t
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The desire to understand the crisis
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Environment Agency - CLC200, on lan
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‣ Monitoring results of revitaliz
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‣ Morava River (Slovakia and Aust
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(i) The surface water bodies within
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System BAlternative characterisatio
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System BAlternativecharacterisation
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water type. In such circumstances M
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arriers limit the natural recovery
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III.4.2 Metoda SketchMatch (SM)An i
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c) The Focus groups structures (hom
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4 Sidearm restoration project Schö
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The ecosystem is self-sustaining. I
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Assessemnt CriteriaProject Identifi
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V. GUIDE OF MANAGEMENT MEASURESIn t
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g) identification of tendency of st
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VI RELATION BETWEEN THE DANUBE PARK
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VI.2 The concept of Integrated Regi
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principles of nature conservation,
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EECONET emphasizes the importance o
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Criteria for selection of core area
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D. Selection of the natural areas s
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10. Thom, R.M., Diefenderfer H.L.
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