Danube Rivers Morphology and Revitalization - DANUBEPARKS

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Project name:16. Research for ecological restoration in the Dunavat-Dranov region,Danube Delta (Romania)Institutions:Institute for Inland Water Management and Waste Water Treatment RIZADanube Delta National Institute for Research and DevelopmentProject summary:Within the Danube Delta in Romania large, natural areas have in the pastbeen reclaimed to be used for forestry, agriculture and fisheries. Since the politicalrevolution of 1989, a change has occurred in the management objectives for largeparts of the Danube Delta and some of these reclaimed areas have been selected forecological restoration. This report deals with ecological restoration in theDunavat‚/Dranov region, in the southern part of the Danube Delta. In this region thereare several former fish-ponds of large size (> 1000 ha), with potentially high naturalvalue. The aquatic ecosystem of one of these former fish-ponds, namely Holbina II,was observed to change during the mid-nineties from a highly diverse mesotrophicstate to one of turbidity with low natural value. The objective of this report is tosummarize all research related to the ecological restoration of these fish-ponds, inparticular Holbina II, conducted over the past decade. Based on this review, somerecommendations have been formulated. Holbina II is, in common with the other fishponds,surrounded by a dike and almost isolated from Danube river water. There areonly a few culverts and in some years there have been breaches in the dike.Previous studies had suggested that it was this isolated character of the fish-pondwhich was mainly responsible for its observed eutrophication. However, the water ofthe Danube River has high levels of nutrients and allowing this water to enter therestoration area untreated was expected to enhance eutrophication. It washypothesized that reed beds might act as natural filters, reducing levels of nutrients.The idea was thus to restore and maintain mesotrophic conditions within Holbina IIby flushing the basin with such filtered water. Several hydrological and ecologicalstudies were implemented in order to find out whether such measures were feasible.The main result to emerge was that reed beds proved during summer to be a sourceof phosphate, the most important nutrient. This was contrary to the hypothesis.68
Another important finding was that the aquatic ecosystem in Holbina II hadspontaneously reverted to a clear water state in 2002. Given the prevailingconcentrations of phosphate, both clear and turbid states are possible. Theecosystem is inherently unstable and may switch from the clear water state to theturbid water state, and then back again. For the ecosystem in Holbina II there are twopossible ecological target states consistent with the management objectives. In theshort term, it is recommended that the current ‘clear water’ state be retained as theecological target. The alternative ecosystem state that might be advocated, the‘black-water’ state, would require for its realization measures implying importantregional consequences. These consequences need to be weighed in political debateagainst the benefits of restoring habitat for rare organisms. Given that the ecosystemstate of Holbina II was recently favorable from a biodiversity point of view, given theinherent instability of the ecosystem, and given current uncertainties concerning theeffects of hydraulic works for ecological restoration, it is recommended that theauthorities implement no immediate ecological restoration measures unless thesemeasures can be accompanied by systematic study. (Drost, 2002)Aims of the project:Given the objectives of the Biosphere Reserve, there are two ecological targetstates relevant for Holbina II. The first possible target is the ‘black-water’ or‘reference’ ecosystem state. This is a state similar to its historical condition, or as it isfound elsewhere in the Delta. Originally, Holbina II was a low-basin, peat-reed marshsituated on the periphery of river branches, with little open water (after Rijsdorp et al.,1995, quoted by Drost, 2002). This state is characterized by low connectivity, theregular occurrence of anoxic conditions in summer, organic soils, a high abundanceof the C. demersum or the Nitellopsis obtuse community and the presence of rarefish species (black fish, after Oosterberg et al., 2000, quoted by Drost, 2002). Thewater is usually clear but has long residence times. It will be referred to as the ‘blackwaterstate’ (where water is of lake type 3 in the typology of Oosterberg et al. 2000,quoted by Drost, 2002).The second possible target might be a clear water ecosystem, with lowerresidence times and high biodiversity in flora and fauna (lake type 2 in the typology ofOosterberg et al. 2000) representing more common species than those organismsfound in the first target state. This latter will be referred to as the ‘clear water’ state,69
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MINISTERUL MEDIULUI SI PADURILORINS
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WORK TEAM‣ DANUBE DELTA NATIONAL
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Phase 1 - Preparation of the Danube
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The river restoration projects prec
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the Upper Danube and > 30 km in the
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navigation. Hence, the creation and
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Non-native and Invasive speciesFor
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members of the public, and cooperat
Page 17 and 18: activities. This principle is actua
Page 19 and 20: 2007. The exercise should be finali
Page 21 and 22: from 30 ha to 600.000 ha, have been
Page 23 and 24: Challenges and recommendations for
Page 25 and 26: Bureaucracy, corruption, and politi
Page 27 and 28: MATERIALS AND METHODS WITHIN PHASE
Page 29 and 30: addresses the longitudinal linkages
Page 31 and 32: create an adequate territorial plan
Page 33 and 34: Activity 1.2. A public debate about
Page 35 and 36: Aims of the project:• Bring back
Page 37 and 38: • strengthening capacity to prote
Page 39 and 40: Elaborate detailed technical engine
Page 41 and 42: Project name:3. Extension of the ex
Page 43 and 44: Whole the area of Belene Island com
Page 45 and 46: improve what was left of the rich n
Page 47 and 48: sections about 35 ha of new gravel
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Page 51 and 52: Results of the project:At the end o
Page 53 and 54: The higher reaches of the slopes wh
Page 55 and 56: The new channel, which rejoins the
Page 57 and 58: Project name:10. National Park Dona
Page 59 and 60: Project name:12. LIFE05NAT/SK/00011
Page 61 and 62: presentation of the project in medi
Page 63 and 64: Project name:13. Krapje Djol (Croat
Page 65 and 66: Project name:15. Ecological Restora
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Page 71 and 72: een destroyed. Since the political
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Page 75 and 76: Such tools are:• "time line chart
Page 77 and 78: 1.1.2. Classification of Danube Riv
Page 79 and 80: CONCLUSIONSAlong the Danube River,
Page 81 and 82: BIBLIOGRAPHY1. Binder W., (2008), R
Page 83 and 84: MINISTERUL MEDIULUI SI PADURILORINS
Page 85 and 86: WORK TEAM DANUBE DELTA NATIONAL INS
Page 87 and 88: Phase 2 - Comprehensive Danube Rive
Page 89 and 90: This first activity consists in the
Page 91 and 92: The river grows and the gradient le
Page 93 and 94: The importance of the connectivityC
Page 95 and 96: Does the design invite invasive spe
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Page 99 and 100: Table 2- List of revitalisation pro
Page 102 and 103: 2.3.2. Background information (Babi
Page 104 and 105: Catchment3 area size:4 Geology1 sma
Page 106 and 107: 456to improve longitudinalconnectiv
Page 108 and 109: The second project that was success
Page 110 and 111: 2.3.5. Cernovca background Informat
Page 112 and 113: 2.3.7. Ecological reconstruction im
Page 114 and 115: For the areas, the reestablishment
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BIBLIOGRAPHY1. Benke, A. C. (2001),
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MINISTERUL MEDIULUI SI PADURILORINS
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WORK TEAM‣ DANUBE DELTA NATIONAL
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III.2.2. Ecoregions and surface wat
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The geometric features of the river
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Revitalization as defined in Los An
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Danube Basin region is a functional
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egimes. However, the Iron Curtain a
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The main issuesEnvironment in the D
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states that joined at different tim
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The role and contribution of Romani
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Types of eligible expenditure- Gene
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I.4 Conceptual Framework and its re
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Is the river able to connect with i
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certain locations on the same strea
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limited pool of potential colonizer
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Creating oportunities and valuesIn
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Figure 4 - General model of ecosyst
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The coherent understanding and the
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Starting form the Corine Land Cover
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investments that are introduced to
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Figure 8 - Adding another category
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Reserves (m3)Indicators of availabi
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EconomicEconomic performanceEconomi
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and compared to other MCA methods (
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ii. Tourism attractiveness - of the
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• Incorporate risk analysis into
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the River in Cat’s Bend, Romania,
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Also, all the difficulties and succ
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wetlands that are natural habitats
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Thus, in the given circumstances, t
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The desire to understand the crisis
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Environment Agency - CLC200, on lan
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‣ Monitoring results of revitaliz
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‣ Morava River (Slovakia and Aust
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(i) The surface water bodies within
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System BAlternative characterisatio
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System BAlternativecharacterisation
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water type. In such circumstances M
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arriers limit the natural recovery
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III.4.2 Metoda SketchMatch (SM)An i
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c) The Focus groups structures (hom
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4 Sidearm restoration project Schö
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The ecosystem is self-sustaining. I
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Assessemnt CriteriaProject Identifi
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V. GUIDE OF MANAGEMENT MEASURESIn t
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g) identification of tendency of st
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VI RELATION BETWEEN THE DANUBE PARK
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VI.2 The concept of Integrated Regi
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principles of nature conservation,
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EECONET emphasizes the importance o
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Criteria for selection of core area
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D. Selection of the natural areas s
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10. Thom, R.M., Diefenderfer H.L.
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Danube Rivers Morphology and Revitalization - DANUBEPARKS

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