LONGMAN ENGLISH GRAMMAR PRACTICE

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10.7 'Do' as a full verb10.7B 'Do' and 'make' compared [> LEG 10.45, App 43]Study:та1 Do often means 'be engaged in an activity'; make has the sense of 'create':What are you doing?- I'm making a cake. What are you making? - A cake.2 We often use do and make in 'fixed phrases'. Do and make go with particular nouns:do + : (me) a favour, damage, good, no good, harm, the housework, a lesson, justice,one's teeth (= clean).make + : an accusation, an agreement, a demand, a loss, a mess, a mistake, a promise,a proposal.3 Sometimes both make and do are possible:I'll make/I'll do the beds this morning, if you like.Write:a Put do or make in front of these words,b Then write sentences using these phrases with correct tenses...Do... one's best; an appointment; business with someone; an experiment:an arrangement; research; one's hair; an attempt;a noise; something for a living; progress; an impression;somebody a service; a journey; a fortune; war.1 Y
11 Modal auxiliaries and related verbs11.1 The two uses of modal verbs11.1 A The first use of modal verbs (1) [> LEG 11.1-2]Study:[**l1 Verbs like can and may are modal auxiliaries. We often refer to them as modal verbs or justmodals. We use them with other verbs [> 16.1 A], for example, to ask for permission:Can I use your phone, please ? May I borrow your car, please ?There are ten modals: can, could, may, might, will, would, shall, should, must, ought to andthree 'semi-modals': need, dare and used to.2 In their first use, modal verbs have basic meanings which are given in dictionaries:• can/could (= ability):I can lift 25 kg./l can type.• may/might (= permission): You may leave early.• will/would (= prediction): It will rain soon. [> 9.7]• shall after I/We (= prediction): Will we find our way? - I'm sure we shall.• should/ought to (= duty): You should do as you're told.• must (= total obligation): You must be quiet.• needn't (= no obligation): You needn't wait.Write: What do these sentences express? Match A and B.1 I can type twenty-five words a minute. _ç_ a) prediction2 You should do as you're told. b) permission3 You needn't wait. c) ability4 It will rain soon. d) no obligation5 You may leave now if you want to. e) total obligation6 You must be quiet. f) duty11.1 В The first use of modal verbs (2) [> LEG 11.4,11.6.1]Study:l**i1 Modal verbs are not 'complete verbs'. For example, we use verbs like must and can to referonly to the present or the future:/ must go to the bank now. I must go to the bank tomorrow.This means we have to make up the 'missing parts' of must with have to.So if we want to express the past of must, we say: I had to go to the bank yesterday.In the same way, we use be able to to make up the 'missing parts' of can [> 11.2A,C].2 Other important points about modal verbs:We can't use them as to-infinitives: I want to be able to type very fast. (Not *to can*)We do not use the to-infinitive after modals: You must/mustn't phone. (Not *to phone") [> 16.1 A]There's no -(e)s in the 3rd person singular: The boss can see you now. (No -s on can)Write:Use suitable forms of have to only when it is impossible to use must.1 You take a taxi if you intend to catch the next train.2 Since the new boss took over, we ...h&ue l .h&(i.&).... change our working methods.3 We talk about this again tomorrow.156
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LONGMANENGLISH GRAMMARPRACTICEfor i
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Addison Wesley Longman LimitedEdinb
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Contents6 Adjectives so6.1 Formatio
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AcknowledgementsDifferent versions
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1 The sentence1.1 Sentence word ord
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1.2 The simple sentence: verbs with
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1.3 The simple sentence: direct and
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1.4 The compound sentenceWrite 2:Co
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1.5 The complex sentence: noun clau
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1.6 The complex sentence: relative
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1.7 The complex sentence: 'whose';
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1.8 The complex sentence: time, pla
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1.9 The complex sentence: reason an
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1.10 The complex sentence: purpose,
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1.11 The complex sentence: present
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1.12 The complex sentence: perfect/
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2.1 One-word nouns2.1 С Nouns and
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2.2 Compound nouns2.2C Compound nou
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2.3 Countable and uncountable nouns
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2.4 Countable and uncountable nouns
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2.5 Number (singular and plural) (1
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2.5 Number (singular and plural) (1
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2.7 Gender2.7ВStudy:i**iIdentifyin
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2.8 The genitive2.8CThe use of 's a
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3.1 The indefinite article: 'a/an'
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3.5 The zero article (1)3.5B The ze
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3.5 The zero article (1)3.6C Zero a
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4.1 Personal pronouns4.1 С Gender
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4.2 'One'4.2C 'Which one(s)?' - 'Th
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4.3 'It' and 'one/some/any/none'4.3
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4.4 Possessive adjectives and posse
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4.5 Reflexive pronouns ('myself')4.
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4.6 Demonstrative adjectives/pronou
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5.1 Quantifiers + countable and unc
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5.2 General and specific references
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5.3 Uses of 'some', 'any', 'no' and
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5.4 'Much', 'many', 'a lot of, '(a)
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5.5 'Both' and 'all'5.5C 'Both' and
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5.6 'All (the)', '(a/the) whole', '
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5.7 'Another', '(the) other(s)', 'e
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6.1 Formation of adjectives6.1CComp
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6.2 Position of adjectives6.2C Adje
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6.3 Adjectives that behave like nou
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6.4 Adjectives after 'be', 'seem',
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6.5 The comparison of adjectives6.5
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7.4 Adverbs of frequency7.1 С Adje
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7.4 Adverbs of frequency7.2B 'Still
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7.3 Adverbial phrases of duration7.
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7.4 Adverbs of frequency7.4C Adverb
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7.4 Adverbs of frequencyWrite:Add q
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7.6 Intensifiers7.6B Adverbs in pla
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7.7 Focus adverbs7.7D 'Also' and 'a
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Page 114 and 115: 8.1 Prepositions, adverb particles
Page 116 and 117: 8.2 Prepositions of movement and po
Page 118 and 119: 8.3 Particular prepositions, partic
Page 124 and 125: 8.6 Phrasal verbs: Type 1, verb + p
Page 130 and 131: 9.1 The simple present and present
Page 134 and 135: 9.3 The simple past tense9.3C Uses
Page 138 and 139: 9.5 The simple present perfect and
Page 140 and 141: 9.6 The simple past perfect and pas
Page 142 and 143: 9.7 The simple future tenseWrite:Su
Page 144 and 145: 9.8 The simple future, the future p
Page 146 and 147: 9.9 'Going to' and other ways of ex
Page 148 and 149: 9.10 The imperative9.1 ОСStudy:Th
Page 150 and 151: 10.1 'Be' as a full verb (1)10.1CSt
Page 152 and 153: 10.2 'Be' as a full verb (2)Write:S
Page 154 and 155: 10.3 'There' + 'be'10.3C Combinatio
Page 156 and 157: 10.4 Verbs related in meaning to 'b
Page 158 and 159: 10.5 'Have' as a full verb = 'posse
Page 160 and 161: 10.6 'Have' as a full verb meaning
Page 164 and 165: 11.1 The two uses of modal verbs4 I
Page 166 and 167: 11.2 Uses of modals (etc.) to expre
Page 172 and 173: 11.5 Uses of modals to express dedu
Page 174 and 175: 11.6 Uses of modals for offers, req
Page 176 and 177: 11.7 Expressing wishes, etc.: I wis
Page 178 and 179: 11.8 Expressing preferences: 'would
Page 180 and 181: 11.9 'It's advisable ...'/'It's nec
Page 182 and 183: 11.10 'It isn't advisable ...'/'It
Page 184 and 185: 11.11 Modals to express habit: 'use
Page 186 and 187: 11.12 'Need' and 'dare' as modals a
Page 188 and 189: 11.13 'Would/wouldn't'; 'that... sh
Page 190 and 191: 12.1 General information about form
Page 192 and 193: 12.2 Uses of the passive12.2C The p
Page 194 and 195: 12.3 Form and use of the causativeW
Page 196 and 197: 13.1 Yes/No questions, negative sta
Page 198 and 199: 13.2 Alternative negative forms and
Page 200 and 201: 13.3 Tag questions and echo tags13.
Page 202 and 203: 13.4 Additions and responsesWrite:1
Page 204 and 205: 13.5 Question-word questions (1): '
Page 210 and 211: 13.8 Subject-questions: 'Who?', 'Wh
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13.9 Questions about alternatives;
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14.1 Type 1 conditionals14.1 С 'If
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14.1 Type 1 conditionals14.2C 'If +
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14 Conditional sentences14.414.4ASt
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15.1 Direct speechWrite:15.1 СStud
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15 Direct and indirect speech15.3 I
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15 Direct and indirect speech15.4 I
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15 Direct and indirect speech15.5 U
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15 Direct and indirect speech15.6 W
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16 The infinitive and the '-ing' fo
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16.8 The to-infinitive or the '-ing
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IndexAa/an. 3.1-2: general statemen
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Indexcontinuous tenses - friendlyco
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Index-ing form - Mr, Mrs, Dr, etc.-
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Indexother - question tagsother: ot
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Indexstatements-verbsstatements (co
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Key to exercisesI The sentence1.1 S
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Key 11.11A-11.13E1.5C Noun clauses
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Key 11.11A-11.13E1.10 The complex s
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Key 11.11A-11.13E2.3 Countable and
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Key 11.11A-11.13E3.1 С Describing
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Key 11.11A-11.13E4.2B 'One' and 'on
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Key 11.11A-11.13E5.3 Uses of 'some'
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Key 11.11A-11.13E6.3C Context1 the
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Key 11.11A-11.13EWrite 2:1 ... for
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Key 11.11A-11.13E7.8 Viewpoint adve
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Key 11.11A-11.13E8.7D ContextI (-)
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Key 11.11A-11.13E9.5 The simple pre
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Key10.1 A-10.3D10 Be, Have, Do10.1
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Key 11.11A-11.13E10.7 Do' as a full
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Key 11.11A-11.13E11.5 Uses of modal
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Key11.11A-11.13E11.11 Modals to exp
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Key 11.11A-11.13EWrite 2:1a She had
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Key11.11A-11.13E13.5 Question-word
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Key14.1 A-14.3A14 Conditional sente
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Key15.1B-15.3A15.1B Quotation marks
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Key15.5B-16.1C15.5B Offers, suggest
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Key 11.11A-11.13E16.4B Adjectives w
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