LONGMAN ENGLISH GRAMMAR PRACTICE

Key12.1 A-12.3В12 The passive and the causative12.1 General information about form12.1 A Basic forms of the passiveWrite 1 :The following should have been marked P: 1, 3, 6, 9.Write 2:1 A lot of money is owed to the bank.2 It has been proved that there is no life onthe moon.3 Videos like this one can be bought anywhere.4 The history of the European Community has to bewritten one day.5 The history of the European Community mayalready have been written.6 When we arrived home, we found that one of ourwindows had been broken.7 Their car has been sold to pay their debts.8 A meeting is held in the village hall once a week.12.1 В The passive with progressive forms:'She is being interviewed'1 New employees are always welcomed by themanager.2 A new supermarket is being built near the church.3 The battle was fought in 1623.4 The windows were being cleaned while I wasthere.5 My desk has been moved!6 The refugees are being taken to a camp outsidethe village.7 All the documents had been signed before Iarrived.8 We were being questioned and our vehicle wasbeing searched at the same time.9 Our letters will be posted when the ship arrives atthe next port of call.10 The case is being opened again because they'renot satisfied with the verdict.12.1 С Context1 died 2 was given 3 was attended 4 be held5 lined 6 was drawn 7 followed 8 was given9 watched 10 could be heard 11 turned12 whispered3 English Spoken ... Shoes Repaired ... aretranslated4 are constantly reminded ... is becoming ...are flashed5 are involved ... is hurt... have to ... are damaged12.2B The use of 'by' + agent (= 'doer') after apassive1 was sold ... was shown by the general public.2 was composed by Beethoven ... was written3 are being replaced by modern ones ... is notcontrolled12.2C The passive with verbs of 'saying' and'believing': 'It is said (that)...'1 It is expected 2 It was feared3 (Joyce) is supposed 4 (Jack Smith) is thought5 It is thought 6 There is thought7 (Jim) is considered 8 There are said 9 It is said10 There is/was supposed12.2D Context1 have been seen 2 is supposed 3 to be shown4 was bought 5 was eventually sold6 was exhibited 7 is/was said 8 must havebeen disappointed 9 was/had been cleverly made10 was/had been delicately sewn 11 was/had beenso skilfully done 12 must have been required12.3 Form and use of the causative12.3A Form of the causative:'have something done'1 decorated 2 looked at 3 tested 4 cut5 photocopied 6 written12.3B The causative compared with the active andpassiveWrite 1 :1 I'm cleaning 2 It's being cleaned 3 I haveit cleaned 4 we had it decorated5 It's being decorated 6 must have yourshoes repaired 7 have just been repaired8 I repaired 9 (to have this film) developedand printed 10 to photocopy 11 mends12 It's being photocopied12.2 Uses of the passive12.2A Uses of the passivePossible answers1 has been damaged ... has widened/is widening ...has been investigated2 are visited ... can be arranged284