Nutrition in Combat Sports

202 P. Jako
Fig. 12.3 Acute subdural hematoma
Acute subdural hematoma can be diagnosed by plain CT alone. A crescentshaped
high-density area can often be observed below the cranial bone. In severe
cases, brain contusion, ventricular displacement, median deviation, or cerebral
edema is seen (Fig. 12.3 ).
Intracerebral Hemorrhage
The rotational or gliding movement of the brain within the accelerated skull may
tear vessels within the brain. Such hemorrhages occur most frequently in parasagittal
regions of the cortex and subcortical white matter, but may also occur in the deeper
white matter, the corpus callosum, and cerebellar peduncles.
The diagnosis can be made by CT.
Diffuse Axonal Injury
Damage in the white matter is common in the trauma to the head. Axonal injury,
because of lack of bleeding or gross disruption of fiber tracts, is easily missed in
postmortem examination. A few severed axons may not be sufficient to produce
clinical symptoms, but their number will increase with each bout.
Generally, CT is useful for diagnosis in the acute stage and MRI is useful for
diagnosis in subacute to chronic stage, but in diffuse axonal injury MRI is more
sensitive than CT.