Carbohydrates and Health

Oat bran and β-glucans and fasting insulin concentration
• No effect
• Moderate evidence
Energy intake
Oat fibre, barley fibre and β-glucans
8.93 Fifteen randomised controlled trials in 17 publications were identified that
presented evidence on oat fibre, barley fibre or β-glucan supplements in relation
to energy intake (Whyte et al., 1992; Abrahamsson et al., 1994; Johnston, 1998;
Reynolds et al., 2000; Davy et al., 2002a; Davy et al., 2002b; Kerckhoffs et al.,
2003; He et al., 2004; Robitaille et al., 2005; Chen et al., 2006; Keenan et al., 2007;
Theuwissen & Mensink, 2007; Maki et al., 2007a; Maki et al., 2007b; Smith et al.,
2008; Sundberg, 2008; Kohl et al., 2009), twelve of which were included in a metaanalysis
(Whyte et al., 1992; Abrahamsson et al., 1994; Reynolds et al., 2000; Davy
et al., 2002a; Kerckhoffs et al., 2003; Robitaille et al., 2005; Chen et al., 2006;
Theuwissen & Mensink, 2007; Maki et al., 2007a; Maki et al., 2007b; Smith et al.,
2008; Sundberg, 2008). Two trials reported energy intake data in two publications
(Davy et al., 2002a; Davy et al., 2002b) and (He et al., 2004; Chen et al., 2006).
Three trials could not be included in the meta-analyses as they did not report
the necessary data (Johnston, 1998; Keenan et al., 2007; Kohl et al., 2009) (Cardiometabolic
review, energy intake and eating motivation chapter). The control
intervention in most studies was wheat products or wheat fibre.
8.94 No significant effect is demonstrated for the consumption of oat fibre, barley fibre
or β-glucan supplements on energy intake (48kJ, 95% CI -265, 362; p=0.66). The
trials not included in the meta-analysis report no significant effect of oat bran
or purified β-glucan supplements on energy intake (Johnston, 1998; Keenan et al.,
2007; Kohl et al., 2009).
Oat fibre, barley fibre and β-glucans and energy intake
• No effect
• Adequate evidence
Cereal fibre excluding oat fibre
8.95 Four randomised controlled trials were identified that presented evidence on
cereal fibre, as bran (excluding oat fibre), in relation to energy intake, all of which
were included in a meta-analysis (Tredger et al., 1991; Sanders & Reddy, 1992; Jenkins
et al., 1999; Vuksan et al., 1999) (Annex 1 additional meta-analyses). Three trials
investigated wheat bran in comparison to a lower fibre control product and one
trial reported data on rice bran. Two trials compared wheat bran to either sugar
beet bran (Tredger et al., 1991) or rice bran (Sanders & Reddy, 1992). None of the
trials were energy restriction trials.
8.96 No significant effect is demonstrated for cereal fibre (excluding oat fibre)
consumption on energy intake (-269kJ, 95% CI -826, 288; p=0.34).
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