CORRUPTION

International Affairs Forum Fall 2016
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Lessons Learned by NGOs in the Fight Against Human Trafficking
Footnotes:
1
The actual number of victims of human trafficking is disputed, as the crime deals with hidden populations, and
methodologies used in establishing figures have been inconsistent. The UN Office on Drugs and Crime suggests
that “2.4 million people across the globe are victims of human trafficking at any one time”, with 80% of that
number exploited sexually (Associated Press, 2012). The co-founder of Free the Slaves suggests a ‘conservative’
current estimate of thirty million (CNN Freedom Project, 2013). The Polaris Project cites the International
Labour Organisation (ILO) in its estimate of 20.9 million victims of human trafficking globally, and the ILO
claims that 22% of these victims are used for sexual exploitation (International Labour Organization, 2012; Polaris
Project, 2016b). Meanwhile, the Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History states that 12.5 million slaves were
shipped from Africa over the entire period of the Atlantic Slave Trade, from 1526–1867, a significantly smaller
number (Gilder Lehrman, 2014). According to the US State Department, in 2015 law enforcement identified just
77823 victims worldwide, and it is estimated that just one in every one hundred victims is rescued (United States
Department of State, 2016).
2
One study conducted in-depth interviews with prostitutes’ clients, with several respondents noting the frequent
presence of clearly trafficked girls. One john said that he would rather select an exploited woman than one who
was ‘free’, as doing so would prevent the person being punished for failing to gain clients (Di Nicola, Cauduro,
Lombardi, & Ruspini, 2009, p. 3). None of the johns in the study reported trafficking to law enforcement.
3
Interpol has had some limited successes (INTERPOL, 2016).
4
The author has played a key role in an anti-trafficking organization, and as such has existing NGO contacts and
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