Without A Home: The National Youth Homelessness Survey

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Young people who are homeless (ages 13-24) make up approximately 20% of the homeless population in Canada (Gaetz et al., 2014). Over the course of the year there are between 35,000–40,000 young people who experience homelessness, and on any given night between 6,000–7,000. 57.6% identified as male 36.4% identified as female 29.5% identified as LGBTQ2S 30.6% identified as Indigenous 28.2% identified as members of racialized communities 1.8% identified as 1.8% identified as 2.5% identified as 10.1% were born transgender two-spirit gender non-binary outside Canada
BECOMING HOMELESS: PATHWAYS INTO HOMELESSNESS FOR YOUTH For youth, the pathways into homelessness are complex. To address youth homelessness in Canada, we need to understand the intersecting individual, relational, institutional, and structural factors that cause some youth to lose their housing. Four key findings of this study help us understand how youth become homeless. 1. Early Experiences of <strong>Home</strong>lessness Many homeless youth became homeless before they were 16, and youth who leave home at a younger age experience greater adversity on the streets. For many young people, their first experience of homelessness occurs well before they are entitled to access interventions and supports. Strikingly, 40.1% of participants reported that they were under the age of 16 when they first experienced homelessness. Importantly, our findings show that youth who leave home at an earlier age not only experience increased hardship before they become homeless, but they also experience greater adversity once on the streets. 40.1% were younger than 16 when they first experienced homelessness THOSE WHO LEAVE HOME AT AN EARLY AGE ARE MORE LIKELY TO: • Experience multiple episodes of homelessness • Be involved with child protection services • Be tested for ADHD • Experience bullying • Be victims of crime once homeless, including sexual assault • Have greater mental health and addictions symptoms • Experience poorer quality of life • Attempt suicide • Become chronically homeless WITHOUT A HOME: THE NATIONAL YOUTH HOMELESSNESS SURVEY 7
Page 1 and 2: without a home: The National Youth
Page 3 and 4: Table of Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Page 5: YOUTH HOMELESSNESS continues to be
Page 9 and 10: 3. Involvement in Child Protection
Page 11 and 12: • High levels of chronicity - Alm
Page 13 and 14: • Transitional supports for young
Page 15 and 16: • We must intervene before youth
Page 17 and 18: 4. Community strategies should nece
Page 19 and 20: YOUTH HOMELESSNESS is a significant
Page 21 and 22: Our approach to data analysis was d
Page 23 and 24: METHODOLOGY How was the research co
Page 25 and 26: SECTION 5 - DISCUSSION: IMPLICATION
Page 27 and 28: YOUNG PEOPLE WHO ARE HOMELESS (ages
Page 29 and 30: Young people can be grouped into th
Page 31 and 32: 2.4 LGBTQ2S Youth Research on youth
Page 33 and 34: SECTION 3: BECOMING HOMELESS
Page 35 and 36: Finally, structural factors contrib
Page 37 and 38: FIGURE 1 Pathways into homelessness
Page 39 and 40: FIGURE 2 Age of first homelessness
Page 41 and 42: Importantly, our data also shows th
Page 43 and 44: Personal factors contributing to ho
Page 45 and 46: It should be expected that young pe
Page 47 and 48: Transitions from care should be a p
Page 49 and 50: Some important differences exist am
Page 51 and 52: 3.4 Experiences in School While the
Page 53 and 54: at some point during their time in
Page 55 and 56: FIGURE 6 Factors that undermine sch
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THE PATHWAYS INTO HOMELESSNESS ARE
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4.1 Housing Housing instability is
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60% of the chronically homeless pop
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When we asked young people how many
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Within the sample, 42% of participa
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violence makes the impact of pre-st
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Our analysis indicates that money m
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Money from family and friends Recei
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Debt load and cheque cashing Past r
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53.2% of youth experiencing homeles
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According to our analysis, selling
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Criminal victimization amongst the
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TABLE 23 Sexual assault: Gender In
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TABLE 25 People you can count on Do
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8.2% responded negatively (disagree
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TABLE 27 Self-esteem Levels of self
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“I NEVER QUIT. I moved forward th
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THE WITHOUT A HOME STUDY IS THE FIR
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Colonialism, intergenerational trau
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Our findings indicate that those wh
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As suggested above, the current res
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5.3 The Need to Help Young People M
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The consequences and outcomes of be
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service providers (mainstream as we
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The implications of this research f
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5.7 Building Resilience, Assets, an
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Reconnecting with family While fami
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IS THERE ANYTHING YOU WANT TO SHARE
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PREVENTING AND ENDING YOUTH HOMELES
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2. Provincial and Territorial Gover
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2.4 Provincial Ministries of Justic
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3.4 Community strategies should nec
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3.9 Mental health and addictions ne
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Courtney, ME, Skyles, A, Miranda, G
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Nichols, N. (2013). Nobody ‘Signs
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Without A Home: The National Youth Homelessness Survey

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