180917_CES-MED_National_Report_Egypt_FINAL2rev

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. Environmental Management Regional Environmental Management Improvement Project. JICA assistance amount (Grant) in JPY 627 million (Grant) (approx. € 5,548,673 million). The project’s agreement was signed in 2005 and end date was 2010. Leading Egyptian institution is the EEAA. The UNDP developed a number of projects in the Environment sector, including: Adaptation to Climate Change in the Nile Delta through Integrated Coastal Zone Management. The project started in 2009 and will be completed in 2016. Leading Egyptian partners are the Coastal Research Institute and the Shore Protection Authority of MoWRI. Support to the Egyptian Protected Areas (SEPA). The project started in 2013 and was completed in 2015. The leading Egyptian partners are MoEnv and EEAA. Low Emission Capacity Building. The project started in 2013 and will be completed in 2016. The leading Egyptian partners are MoEnv and EEAA. Egypt’s Third National Communication to the UNFCCC. The project started in 2011 and was completed in 2015. The leading Egyptian partners are MoHUUD, MoWRI, MoALR, MoIFT, MoEnv, MoTm, MoTr, MoPMRs, MoERE, MoFAs and the SEC of the Cabinet of Ministers. More data is available at the UNDP 2015 Achievement Report 90 . Also, the UNEP developed a project in the Environment sector concerning the Launch of Egypt’s Green Economy study, which was completed in 2015. The leading Egyptian partner is the MoEnv 124 . In addition, the EBRD developed a project in the Environment sector 86 : Cemex Egypt (Assiut Cement Company) – Fuel Substitution - the project was completed in 2015. The leading Egyptian partner is the MoEnv. The World Bank developed two projects in the Environment sector 94 : Alexandria Coastal Zone Management Project (Under the Investment Fund for the Mediterranean Sea Large Marine Ecosystem). This project started in 2010 and it will be completed in 2017. The leading Egyptian partners are MoEnv and Governorate of Alexandria, Second Pollution Abatement Project. The project started in 2006 and was completed 2014. The leading Egyptian partner is the MoEnv. Tourism Sector Strategy In 2012, the Ministry of Tourism (MoTm) in collaboration with the Egyptian National Competitiveness Council (ENCC) decided to revisit the ministry’s strategy with the goal of doubling tourism capacity, from its former peak in 2010. This strategy is targeting 20 million visitors by the year 2020. This strategy was centred on seven strategic objectives 122 : Economic, Socio-cultural, Development, Quality, Heritage, Marketing, and Environment. In this strategy, the environmental objectives address the following themes: Adopt an approach to development that will ensure environmental sustainability; PAGE | 88 THIS PROJECT IS FINANCED BY THE EUROPEAN UNION AND IS IMPLEMENTED BY THE HUMAN DYNAMICS CONSORTIUM
Identify areas of special environmental interest and habitat and areas of natural and scientific interest to protect them under the law and manage public access for the benefit of residents and visitors; and Develop a range of Eco-tourism products that respond to the requirements of future visitors. The revisited strategy has two goals to guide it, mainly to: a) Develop the overall tourism economy; and b) Distribute tourism income and benefits through employment creation and enterprises 122 . Also, the Tourism and Transport Council (TTC) of the ENCC, a cross section of leading private sector organizations and companies, suggested the following goals: Restore growth to peak levels as quickly as possible, Strengthen the tourism platform, and Take the challenging actions necessary to achieve the target of 20 million visitors by 2020 126 . However, this number will be targeted by 2030, not 2020, according to the former Minister of Tourism’s statement in February 2016 134 . As per the recommended strategy, the level of success in tourism is driven primarily by six factors: 1. Level of investment in certain components, such as Access Transport, Product Developments, Marketing and HR Development. 2. Human resources – the critical contributor to the “visitor experience”. 3. Quality of implementation of strategy and plans – directly related to successful outcomes. 4. Competitiveness in the global market – necessary to boost marketing success. 5. Innovation in both marketing and development – to ensure differentiation to meet a more customised market demand 6. Integrated planning and implementation, which are key to securing competitive and comparative advantage 122 . It is vital and crucial to protect Egyptian Heritage sites and Antiquities, especially in Luxor, where most of these heritages sites and antiquities (temples and tombs) exist, from the increase of tourists’ influx that would result from the implementation of such a strategy. So, it is essential to consider the impact of the large number of tourists visiting these places and the impact of their related logistics, i.e., the excessive transport activities to move tourist buses in and about these sites. This will lead not only to the increase in CO 2 emissions (vehicles and busses), but also causes vibrations - especially near tombs and temples, as well as near the two Memnon statues - on the way to the Valley of Kings - causing air pollution, besides fatigue due to constant vibrations near these statues and perhaps leading to cracks on the long term. This also can vastly be noticed in Luxor when tourists in large numbers are moved from the Western bank to the Eastern bank of the River Nile to visit Al-Karnack Temple, where most of the current means of water transport, if not all (small passenger boats/ dhows), are run by diesel and are emitting a high level of CO 2 into the air. Thus, it causes air pollution and eventually results in a huge impact on the statues and the sustainability of Egyptian heritage sites in the World’s Cultural City Luxor. Obliquely, this will be the case in the Governorate of Red Sea but in a different scenario. The city of Hurghada will have a big share of the strategy implementation in increasing the number of tourists by 2030. In the City of Hurghada, the case will be different; it mainly focuses on the quality of air in the city due to the predicted increase in the number of buses and vehicles moving tourists and the expected high demand of electrical energy in buildings and energy increase needed for transportation, all leading to high level of GHG emissions, mainly CO 2. Despite all the strategies and policies, there are still many challenges and solutions that need to be profoundly addressed through technical support and funds. The following Future Challenges and Potential Solutions in Egypt’s Tourism were suggested by the ENCC and are outlined as follows: PAGE | 89 THIS PROJECT IS FINANCED BY THE EUROPEAN UNION AND IS IMPLEMENTED BY THE HUMAN DYNAMICS CONSORTIUM
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This project is funded by the Europ
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EuropeAid/132630/C/SER/Multi CLEANE
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TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES .
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LIST OF ABREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS A
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EMU ENCC ENPI EPF EPS ERA ERC ES ES
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MoFA MoHUUD MoIC MoIFT MolD MoPMAR
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TRA TSAC TSP TTC UNDP UNEP UNFCCC U
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I. LEGISLATIONS: LAWS, REGULATIONS
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II. STRATEGIES, PROGRAMMES AND PLAN
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Egypt’s Indicators Development (2
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1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1.1 Project De
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(clause No. 27); Efficient Use and
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Nevertheless, the new law of Local
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and wind farms), recycling factorie
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Set a Strategy and Energy Efficienc
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Summary Improving the Legal and Ins
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2 INTRODUCTION 2.1 EU and CES-MED P
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Based on review and analysis of the
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2015. It was further discussed on J
Page 39 and 40: closely observe the execution of th
Page 41 and 42: • Reduce Unemployment Rate to 5 p
Page 43 and 44: 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6
Page 45 and 46: District 1 District 2 District 3 Di
Page 47 and 48: • Beautification of public spaces
Page 49 and 50: The Supreme Council for Planning an
Page 51 and 52: 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 • Egyptian Code
Page 53 and 54: experts in electricity sector 37 .
Page 55 and 56: Egypt has done a great deal from 20
Page 57 and 58: implemented require further subsidi
Page 59 and 60: The Presidential Decree No. 27 of y
Page 61 and 62: Construction waste - the constructi
Page 63 and 64: • Decree 143 of year 2003 Wadi El
Page 65 and 66: SDG 07: SDG 11: SDG 12: SDG 13: Aff
Page 67 and 68: H. E. The Governor Technical, Finan
Page 69 and 70: 7. Energy saving in hotels by using
Page 71 and 72: One of the CES-MED project outcomes
Page 73 and 74: etween the Government of Egypt (GoE
Page 75 and 76: Award contracts for 4GW of nuclear
Page 77 and 78: modernization of the Egyptian publi
Page 79 and 80: Furthermore, Egypt is planning to p
Page 81 and 82: g. Provide empowerment in monitorin
Page 83 and 84: Egyptian Electricity Holding Compan
Page 85 and 86: Transportation Road and Safety init
Page 87 and 88: Egyptian National Railways Restruct
Page 89: Improving the quality of government
Page 93 and 94: ecoming a must in 2016 in light of
Page 95 and 96: The NSWMP was launched in response
Page 97 and 98: Waste Stabilisation Ponds (WSP) ins
Page 99 and 100: The use of renewables for desalinat
Page 101 and 102: programme covers mainly: a) removal
Page 103 and 104: 5 RECOMMENDATIONS OF NATIONAL LEVEL
Page 105 and 106: 3. Implementation In the governanc
Page 107 and 108: H. E. The Governor Technical, Finan
Page 109 and 110: In support of implementation, recom
Page 111 and 112: • MoF and Egyptian Central Bank t
Page 113 and 114: 6 POTENTIAL COVENANT OF MAYORS COOR
Page 115 and 116: 25. Liu, Feng; Meyer, Anke S., Hoga
Page 117 and 118: %D8%A9/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AE%D9%
Page 119 and 120: 113. Utilities.me.com/Newsletter, i
Page 121 and 122: PAGE | 119 THIS PROJECT IS FINANCED
Page 123 and 124: Donors and IFI’s Title Name Desig
Page 126: CLEANER ENERGY SAVING MEDITERRANEAN
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CLEANER ENERGY SAVING MEDITERRANEAN
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‐ Sustainable Rural Sanitation Se
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The European Union is made up of 28
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