Introduction to Basic Legal Citation - access-to-law home

Point 2: The Bluebook and the ALWD Citation Manual call for the same treatment of multiple
authors. The former more than the latter, however, indicates a presumption that with more
than two authors "et al." should be used.
Point 3: The ALWD Citation Manual calls for routine inclusion of the publisher's name
(abbreviated) in the parentheses, before the year of publication. Where there is an edition
number the publisher's name follows it, separated by a comma. The Bluebook directs insertion
of the publisher's name only when that is necessary in order to distinguish different publishers'
editions.
§ 2-720. Book Citations – Variants and Special Cases
§ 2-720(1) Examples
– Enron Corp., 2000 Annual Report 30 (2001).
– Nolan J. Malone, U.S. Bureau of the Census, Evaluating Components of
International Migration: Consistency of 2000 Nativity Data (2001).
– Research & Pub. Policy Dep't, Nat'l Urban League, The Impact of Social Security on
Child Poverty 5 (2000).
Special Case 1 – Works by Institutional Authors: [BB|ALWD]
Works by institutional authors are cited like books by individuals with the name of the
institution substituting for the name of an individual author. If an individual author is credited
for the work along with the institution, both are listed with the individual author coming first.
Where multiple units or division of the institution are listed on the work, the citation includes
the smallest unit first and then skips to the largest, omitting all in between. In cases where an
individual author is cited, the name of that author substitutes for the smallest unit.
§ 2-720(2) Examples
– Vill. of Grand View v. Skinner, 22 Envtl. L. Rep. (Envtl. Law Inst.) 20120 (2d Cir.
Oct. 24, 1991).
– Norling v. Valley Contracting, [2 Wages-Hours] Lab. L. Rep. (CCH) 35,543
(D.N.D. June 11, 1991).
– Flamme v. Wolf Ins. Agency, [Insurance] Auto. L. Rep. (CCH) 18,307 (Neb. Nov.
8, 1991).
Special Case 2 – Services: [BB|ALWD]
Compilations organized around specialized fields include a wide variety of material, ranging
from statutes to brief commentary. They are a frequent source of otherwise unpublished
cases.
Citations to material in such a service include the name or title of the cited document in
accordance with the rules applicable to its type (cases, administrative material, etc.). The
portion of the citation identifying the document's address in the service includes: volume,
abbreviated title (not italicized), publisher in parentheses, subdivision. In cases where the
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