Introduction to Basic Legal Citation - access-to-law home

§ 2-900. How to Cite Documents from Earlier Stages of the Same Case
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§ 2-900 Examples
– (R. at 30.)
– (Smith Aff. 6.)
– (Compl. 10.)
– (Horn Dep. 99:23-101:5, July 22, 2005, ECF No. 22.)
References to the record and other case documents in a brief or memorandum are placed in
parentheses. The document's name is not italicized or underlined, but initial letters are
capitalized. Standard abbreviations (§ 4-900) exist for many of the document types. Pinpoint
citations are indicated using the division (paragraph, number, page) of the document in
question. Citation to a particular page (or range of page numbers) in the record is,
customarily, preceded by the word "at" followed by the page number. The date of the event is
furnished with depositions, trial testimony, and in other situations where it will aid the reader.
When the document is held in a court case management system like the federal courts'
CM/ECF which assigns document numbers that designation should also be included.
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