Distribution of Chlorinated Hydrocarbon Pesticides and PCBs in the ...

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2 1 3 measure concentrations of these compounds in marine biota at various trophic levels to determine whether biomagnification occurs; and evaluate the importance of the atmospheric contribution of these contaminants. There are a large number of chlorinated hydrocarbon pesticides that have been or are presently in use. Because of concerns over their environmental effects, the use of many of the more persistent pesticides has been banned in the United States, Canada and western Europe. However, banned compounds are still being used in large tonnages in other countries particularly in the tropics and the ban on the use of many others has only been in effect during the past few years. A summary of recent FA0 /reported1 worldwide usage of organochlorine pesticides whose use or production has been halted in the United States is given in Table 1.1 (from Bidleman, 1987). As pointed out by Bidleman, these figures likely grossly underestimate the total amount of pesticide used as reporting of these figures to the FA0 is voluntary. A total of 20 organochlorine pesticides were monitored in this study. PCBs in this study were defined in terms of a particular technical mixture, Arochlor 1254. Since reference to these compounds will be made throughout the text and since most have short form or common names different from their actual chemical nomenclature, a list is given in Table 1.2 of the target compounds in this study and the corresponding short form name that will be used in the text. Some of the pesticides have several stable isomers and others are metabolites or degradation products or are present in the same technical mixtures and hence share common origins and have similar physical and chemical properties. On this basis the target compounds can be grouped into 5 classes: hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCH), hexachlorobenzene (HCB) , Cyclodienes, DDT, and PCBs. This grouping of compounds has been used in the discussion of the data.
7 -8" Kenya 1983 + 84 Argentina 1983 India 1983 Turkey 1982 Italy 1983 Po 1 and 1984 a) Listed as Isaldrin and similar insecticidesss. Table 1.1. FM Reported Usage of Organochlorine Pesticides, Tames (Taken fra Bidlaw; lm7)
Page 1 and 2: Scientific Excellence Resource Prot
Page 3 and 4: Canadian Technical Report of Fisher
Page 5 and 6: ABSTRACT RESUME/INUKTITUT SUMMARY 1
Page 7 and 8: RESULTS 4.1 Air v TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page 9 and 10: ABSTRACT Hargrave, B.T., W.P. Vass,
Page 11: dans la glace, ainsi que les donnQe
Page 14 and 15: USSR Figure 1.1 Approximate locatio
Page 20 and 21: ' s 0: Q: '0, tn A : -k t 2 '2 t; 2
Page 22 and 23: TABLE 2.1 Li st of Samples Coll ect
Page 24 and 25: Figure 2.1 Drift pattern of the ice
Page 26 and 27: ice hole. The samplers were operate
Page 28 and 29: inverted onto the ice surface and t
Page 30 and 31: The other components of the plankto
Page 32 and 33: Table 2.3 Separation of Pooled Net
Page 34 and 35: were unsuccessful. Fish hooks or ny
Page 36 and 37: cleaned. Samples were collected on
Page 38 and 39: Air samples were collected with the
Page 40 and 41: 3L PVC Niskin iype water samplers.
Page 42 and 43: Glass fibre filters (Whatman, 47 mm
Page 44 and 45: (for ultrasonic extraction) to whic
Page 46 and 47: Fraction 2: beta-HCH, alpha-HCH (60
Page 48 and 49: 60 m column conditions used were th
Page 50 and 51: value is less than the procedural d
Page 52 and 53: 3.2.2 Blanks Procedural blanks (i.e
Page 54 and 55: Table 3.1 Ccrrparison of HCHs by XA
Page 56 and 57: Table 3.2. HCH Concentrations in Su
Page 58 and 59: ) In-situ Particulate Sampling Repl
Page 60 and 61: a) August 1986, 10m replicates Tabl
Page 62 and 63: Instrumental calibration was compar
Page 64 and 65: Table 3.7. Results of Analysis of E
Page 66 and 67:
Table 3.9. Intercalibration of Orga
Page 68 and 69:
e) Biota Samples Analytical precisi
Page 70 and 71:
Table 3.12 Summary of Tri pl icate
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f) sediment samples Precision of ch
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funnel, shaken with 20 ml of 0.9% N
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4. RESULTS Results are presented in
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4.1.2 Air Particulates Quantifiable
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Table 4.2. Iby, 1% w t 25 - Jure 19
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ccrrpard alpha HCH gamna HCH plp'DD
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silicate and orthophosphate were ap
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Table 4.4 Slrrrary of Particulate O
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a weight:weight basis on all three
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observed in the May 1986 20 um and
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molluscs and holthurians. Individua
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Arochlor 1254 HCB X DDE Mi rex a HC
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5. DISCUSSION The results indicate
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these compounds (Table 1.1) and muc
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temperatures rose above 0°C. Our v
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southern latitudes in both hemisphe
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occurred in snow collected from the
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solvent extraction without separati
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Table 5.2. l2qmision of aganochlwin
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slightly higher. Hexachlorocyclohex
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- 0.5; in benthic amphipods ~0.3. Z
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Compound a HCH HCH C chlordane (tra
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observed from the Ice Island in the
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6. RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FUTURE WORK
Page 125 and 126:
7. LITERATURE CITED Aagard, K., L.K
Page 127 and 128:
Kinney, P., M.E. Arhleger and D.C.
Page 130 and 131:
Appendix A Organochlorines in Air M
Page 132 and 133:
Sample I .D. Volume (cu rn) Arochlo
Page 134 and 135:
Sample I .D. Volume (cu m) 4 Arochl
Page 136 and 137:
Sample I.D. Votume (cu in) Arochlor
Page 138:
Sample I.D. Volume (cu m) Arochlor
Page 141 and 142:
Sample I .D. Volm (L) Arochlor 1254
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Sample I.D. Volume (L) Arochlor 125
Page 146 and 147:
Appendix C Dissolved and Particulat
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Sample I.D. Depth Volume (L) * Aroc
Page 150 and 151:
Sample I .D. Depth Volume (L) 4!@ A
Page 152 and 153:
Sample I.D. Depth Volune (L) 9' Aro
Page 154 and 155:
Sample I.D. Depth Volume (L) * Aroc
Page 156 and 157:
Sample I.D. Data I .D. Volume (L) *
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Sample I.D. Depth Volume (L) Arochl
Page 160 and 161:
& Sample I .D. Depth Volume (L) Aro
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@ Aroch lor 1254 HCB Heptachlor ALd
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Appendix D Dissolved and Particulat
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Sample I .D. Volm (L) Aroch lor 125
Page 168 and 169:
Sample I .D. Volume (L) Arochlor 12
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May 1986, Biota Sample August 1986,
Page 172 and 173:
Sample I.D. Sample Name Species nam
Page 174 and 175:
Sample I.D. Sample Name Collection
Page 176 and 177:
"B Sample I .D. Sample Name 1 -JAR
Page 178 and 179:
Sample I.D. Sample Name Cot lection
Page 180 and 181:
Sample I .D. Sample Name Species na
Page 182 and 183:
Sample I .D. Sample Nam Species nam
Page 184 and 185:
Sample I .D. Sample Name Collection
Page 186 and 187:
Sample I.D. Sample Name ?& Collecti
Page 188 and 189:
Sample I.D. Sample Name 4 Collectio
Page 190 and 191:
Page 192 and 193:
Sample I .D. Samp l e Name Col lect
Page 194 and 195:
Page 196 and 197:
Sample I .D. Sample Name 4 Collecti
Page 198 and 199:
Page 200 and 201:
Sample I.D. Sample Name 98 Collecti
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Sample 1.0. Sample Name a Collectio
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9 Sample I.D. Sample Name Collectio
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Sample I .D. Sample Name Collection
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Appendix F Organochlorines in Surfa
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Sample I.D. Weight (g) Arochlor 125
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Sample 1.D Arochlor 1254 HCB Heptac
Page 215 and 216:
ICE ISLAND PLANKTON SAMPLES SUMMARY
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ICE ISLAND PLANKTON SAMPLES 14 June
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ICE ISLAND PLANKTON SAMPLES 27 May
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ICE ISLAND PLANKTON SAMPLES 14 June
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ICE ISLAND PLANKTON SAMPLES 28 May
Page 225 and 226:
ICE ISLAND PLANKTON SAMPLES 29 Aug
Page 227 and 228:
ICE ISLAND PLANKTON SAMPLES 28 Aug
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Project Z€nrr~ OCLCJ\~~~CCAP,~, c
Page 233 and 234:
Project Jgfit
Page 235 and 236:
Test Hole l?'-3 Depth Dry Wt.of Coa
Page 237:
- 224 - THURBER CONSULTANTS LTP. GR
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