DESIGN, ASSEMBLY AND CHARACTERIZATION OF COMPOSITE ...

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Table 6.1 Formulations of aqueous colloidal inks for liquid phase sintering 1. Suspension preparation a. BT suspension DI Water 8.500 g Darvan 821A 0.450 g BT powder 60.000 g b. Ni suspension DI Water 9.000 g PEI-50K (50% wt.) 0.400 g Ni powder 100.000 g BT particle density 5.950 g/cm 3 Ni particle density 8.904 g/cm 3 Solid volume fraction 0.530 Solid volume fraction 0.544 total weight 68.950 g total weight 109.800 g total volume 19.034 mL total volume 21.031 mL BT volume 10.084 cm 3 Ni volume 11.231 cm 3 c. ZnO suspension DI Water 5.000 g Adva Flow (20% wt.) 0.393 g ZnO powder 29.089 g d. Z.B. suspension DI Water 5.000 g Adva Flow (20% wt.) 0.317 g Z.B. powder 14.128 g ZnO particle density 5.606 g/cm 3 Z.B. particle density 2.690 g/cm 3 Solid volume fraction 0.490 Solid volume fraction 0.497 total weight 34.482 g total weight 19.445 g total volume 10.582 mL total volume 10.569 mL ZnO volume 5.189 cm 3 Z.B. volume 5.252 cm 3 (Z.B.=zinc borate) 2. LFBT ink preparation BT suspension 68.950 g ZnO suspension Zinc borate 0.37 g suspension 1.82 g LiAC∙2H2O 1.64 g HPMC (5% wt.) 1.96 g PEI-50K (25% wt.) 0.34 g DI water 2.093 g This table continues to the next page. 170 Flux concentration: ZnO 1.43% wt. B2O3 0.75% wt. Li2O 0.38% wt.
Table 6.1 Formulations of aqueous colloidal inks for liquid phase sintering (continued) 3. Ni'(m) inks a. BT:Ni=1:19 BT suspension 6.838 g Ni suspension 39.106 g LiAC∙2H2O 0.67 g HPMC (5% wt.) 0.947 g Darvan 821A 0.174 g PAA-240K (25% wt) 0.13 g DI water 0.96 g c. BT:Ni=1:9 BT suspension 3.419 g Ni suspension 43.994 g LiAC∙2H2O 0.67 g HPMC (5% wt.) 0.947 g Darvan 821A 0.15 g PAA-240K (25% wt) 0.13 g DI water 0.98 g e. BT:Ni=3:7 BT suspension 6.838 g Ni suspension 39.106 g LiAC∙2H2O 0.67 g HPMC (5% wt.) 0.947 g Darvan 821A 0.048 g PAA-240K (25% wt) 0.13 g DI water 1.113 g 171 b. BT:Ni=3:37 BT suspension 6.838 g Ni suspension 39.106 g LiAC∙2H2O 0.67 g HPMC (5% wt.) 0.947 g Darvan 821A 0.162 g PAA-240K (25% wt) 0.13 g DI water 0.97 g d. BT:Ni=1:4 BT suspension 6.838 g Ni suspension 39.106 g LiAC∙2H2O 0.67 g HPMC (5% wt.) 0.947 g Darvan 821A 0.1 g PAA-240K (25% wt) 0.13 g DI water 1.039 g
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DESIGN, ASSEMBLY AND CHARACTERIZATI
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First and foremost
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CHAPTER 5 BARIUM TITANATE NICKEL CO
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Table 6.1 Formulations of aqueous c
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Figure 2.12 Schematic illustrations
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Figure 2.35 Schematic of the SHS pr
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Figure 4.9 Sintered nickel lattices
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Figure 6.12 Optical image of the cr
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1.1. Motivation CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCT
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and characterizing rheological prop
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2.1. Materials System CHAPTER 2 BAC
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2.2. Reentrant Structures and Ceram
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devices would provide self-sustaini
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a) b) Figure 2.4 Schematic illustra
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production of concept models, injec
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Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) was
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Laser Engineered Net Shaping (LENS)
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Inkjet printing (IP) 27 is based on
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Table 2.1 Comparisons of various SF
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Figure 2.11 Processing steps involv
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2.4.1 Colloidal Inks The printing i
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Robocasting has lacked a well-desig
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Table 2.2 Example polymers that dep
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2.6. Sintering In robocasting, sint
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Figure 2.15 Sphere and plate model
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where
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2.5.3 Solid State Sintering In this
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Figure 2.18 Illustration of neck gr
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2.5.3.4 Final Stage During this sta
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Figure 2.23 Schematic diagram of th
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2.5.4.2 Rearrangement With the form
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2.5.4.6 Spreading of Sintering Aid
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Driven by reduction of free energy,
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2.5.5 Sintering Atmosphere Sinterin
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2.7. Composite Materials In this re
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Figure 2.29 Types of composite mate
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Table 2.6 Examples of composite mat
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Table 2.7 Examples of FGM applicati
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2.7.3 Processing For the fabricatio
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prepared discrete layers of uniform
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Powder densification processes gene
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The specific volume fraction beyond
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a) b) Figure 2.34 a) Volume fractio
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When the powders are densified in s
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Various FGM coating processes are a
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of FGMs, such as partially reactive
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leading to a characteristic time τ
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3.1 Introduction CHAPTER 3 AQUEOUS
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occurs in a multi-step process: fir
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a) b) Figure 3.1 a) SEM image of as
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3.2.3 Preparation of Carbon Black C
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3.2.5 Drying Shrinkage Characteriza
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the optimized surfactant concentrat
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The storage modulus of a colloidal
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For HA ink, yield stress
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In the case of the aqueous carbon b
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PPO units of Pluronic F-127 may ads
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a) b) Figure 3.6 A carbon black lat
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a) b) Figure 3.7 SEM images of a) c
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TGA plot is in agreement with previ
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a) b) Figure 3.9 Thermogravimetric
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3.3.8 Fabrication of Complex Cerami
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c) d) 109
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3.4 Conclusion A fugitive support m
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metal inks have been reported for R
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Midland, MI) 5% by weight stock sol
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4.2.5. Thermal Degradation of Binde
Page 135 and 136: 4.3. Results and Discussion 4.3.1.
Page 137 and 138: 4.3.2. Preparation of Nickel Ink Su
Page 139 and 140: 260 °C for 8 hours, the residual c
Page 141 and 142: Table 4.1 Calculated residual carbo
Page 143 and 144: a) b) Figure 4.6 Sintered Ni struct
Page 145 and 146: temperature 138, 139 lead to 92-95%
Page 147 and 148: Figure 4.8 Scanning electron microg
Page 149 and 150: c) Figure 4.9 Sintered nickel latti
Page 151 and 152: 5.1. Introduction CHAPTER 5 BARIUM
Page 153 and 154: materials within the overall struct
Page 155 and 156: 40:60, 60:40, 80:20 are separately
Page 157 and 158: 5.2.3. Rheological Characterization
Page 159 and 160: 5.2.5. Co-sintering and Re-oxidatio
Page 161 and 162: mixing, BT and Ni phases appear uni
Page 163 and 164: The combined use of PAA and PAA-90K
Page 165 and 166: To quantify this difference in sint
Page 167 and 168: As the BT and Ni particles used in
Page 169 and 170: The reducing atmosphere used in the
Page 171 and 172: Figure 5.7 Vickers hardness number
Page 173 and 174: 5.3.6. Fabrication of BT-Ni composi
Page 175 and 176: modify the sintering kinetics of th
Page 177 and 178: a) b) Figure 5.10 Co-sintered compo
Page 179 and 180: 5.4. Conclusions Freeform fabricati
Page 181 and 182: Liquid phase sintering involves usi
Page 183 and 184: (pH=4.4, 31.5% by weight) (Adva Flo
Page 185: concentration of 7 mg/mL in the aqu
Page 189 and 190: thickness. Each layer of the struct
Page 191 and 192: 6.2.6. Hardness Test Microindentati
Page 193 and 194: micrographs for these two powders.
Page 195 and 196: Second, the added LiAC∙2H2O is am
Page 197 and 198: Figure 6.3 Oscillatory behavior for
Page 199 and 200: a) b) Figure 6.4 Sintering strain c
Page 201 and 202: mass transport in LFBT network. 167
Page 203 and 204: The above discussion is mainly focu
Page 205 and 206: Figure 6.8 shows the bowtie-shaped
Page 207 and 208: Figure 6.10 A NPR composite of para
Page 209 and 210: etween BT and Ni phases. But Zn ele
Page 211 and 212: Figure 6.13 Scanning electron micro
Page 213 and 214: Figure 6.15 shows the mapping of Ti
Page 215 and 216: Figure 6.17 and Figure 6.18 show el
Page 217 and 218: Figure 6.19 shows element mapping f
Page 219 and 220: 6.3.7. Piezoelectricity and Dielect
Page 221 and 222: 6.4. Conclusions Aqueous colloidal
Page 223 and 224: geometric features, including non-s
Page 225 and 226: 3. Development of aqueous colloidal
Page 227 and 228: 7.2. Recommendations In the context
Page 229 and 230: gelation behavior. κ-carrageenan i
Page 231 and 232: REFERENCES 1. Larsson 9301647, 1993
Page 233 and 234: 29. Simchi, A.; Petzoldt, F.; Pohl,
Page 235 and 236: 61. Bouvard, D., Acta Metallurgica
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92. Morissette, S. L.; Lewis, J. A.
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120. Boehm, H. P., Some Aspects of
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150. Atkinson, A., Growth of Nio an
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APPENDICES A. Mathematical Modeling
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and
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conditions: Equation A.12 is solved
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and with
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a) b) Figure B.1 a) Freeze-dried st
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a) Figure C.1 Cr-Ni lattices of 5Cr
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E. Binary Phase Diagram of ZnO-B2O3
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References A.1. Du, Z., Sarofim, A.
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Name: Jian Xu Date of Degree: May,
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