The Battle for Female Talent in Brazil - Center for Work-Life Policy

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100 80 60 40 20 0 100 80 60 40 20 0 Figure 2.4: Eldercare responsibilities and options 69% 78% family is one arena where the force of tradition remains unaltered: a third of college-educated women provide regular financial support to their parents, contributing an average of 23 percent of their annual income. Such support is not just appreciated but necessary, as an aging population and longer lifespans stretch a meager and strained social security system. In addition to financial support, Brazilian women are keenly aware of the emotional aspects of eldercare. We find that 44 percent of Brazilian women working full-time experience “daughterly guilt” as they juggle the trade-off between time spent at work and with their elders. Figure 2.5: Guilt: mothers and daughters working full-time 44% 39% daughterly guilt Maternal guilt daughter maternal Brazil Russia India China As in other aspects of family life, Brazilian women bear the lion’s share of eldercare responsibilities. Helping elderly parents with daily needs such as shopping or doctors’ visits 16 94% 95% Have eldercare eldercare challenges 70% 88% 53% 24% Willing to use hired help Brazil Russia India China 51% 59% 65% 62% THIS IS COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL 70% 86% is commonplace, yet regardless of how heavy the pressure, eldercare is seldom perceived to be an obligation or burden. Instead, Brazilian women 48% view their eldercare duties as a central and fundamental 27% aspect of life, performed 17% 5% without question and out Willing to put in of affection. “My sisters assisted home living/home and I test support our parents, not only financially but also emotionally,” says a partner at a top professional services firm. “We stayed with my mother for six years when she was in and out of hospitals with cancer. We slept in the hospital, took her to the doctor. Yes, you take care of your parents but you feel good about it.” Further evidence of the strength of these emotional ties to elders is our finding on eldercare solutions: only 17 percent of Brazilian women would even consider institutional eldercare, one of the lowest figures among the BRICs. “We help my in-laws with everything, such as money and support. We try to do our best and try to give them all the security they need,” says Raquel Trindade, a senior manager at Sodexo. She and her husband contribute 16 percent of their annual income towards the care of his parents, in addition to which they spend one day every weekend with them. Raquel’s case illustrates that the assumption that daughters are the primary caregivers for elders in Brazil is slowly changing: her husband is clearly accountable for and heavily involved in caring for his own parents. “I see women asking more and more from their brothers and husbands,” says Samara Braga. “They say, ‘I’m taking care of my mother, yes, but I’m asking my brother to share this.’ Now in the office I hear many nomen complaining that test they’re sharing duties with their wives.” As yet, eldercare remains relatively manageable. As Brazil’s population remains overwhelmingly young, many professional women are fortunate enough to have parents China India Russia Brazil China India Russia Brazil
THIS IS COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL who are still healthy and able, and readily able to provide childcare support to their daughters. Andrea Salgueiro Cruz Lima, Vice President of Unilever Brazil and head of personal care, one of the company’s biggest global business units, is a working mother of two girls ages 12 and 8. “My mother picks up my kids from school, plays with them, helps with their schoolwork,” she says. “She complements me and is an important person in my life.” Brazil’s prosperity is driving life expectancy up and birth rates down—trends which have already occurred in mature economies. As a consequence, eldercare is sure to become a more pressing concern for society as a whole, and for working women in particular. For someone like Andrea Salgueiro Cruz Lima, these shifts portend a wholesale reversal in the roles played by her mother and herself: in fact, in the future, she will be the one providing support and care for her mother rather than the other way around. 17
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