Manual Wheelchairs - World Health Organization

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4.1 Introduction Purpose and outputs traInIng I 99 The purpose of the training guidelines is to develop the skills and knowledge of personnel involved in wheelchair provision. Implementation of the training guidelines will contribute to: • an increase in the number of personnel trained in wheelchair provision; • an improvement in the competences of wheelchair provision personnel; • greater recognition for personnel trained and practising in the field of wheelchair provision; • greater integration of wheelchair provision within rehabilitation services; and • increased collaboration among those involved in the development, implementation and maintenance of wheelchair provision training programmes. Strategies Effective wheelchair provision requires that personnel have the appropriate knowledge and skills. The following provides some strategies to assist in developing training opportunities and initiatives (1). The United Nations Standard Rules concerning “personnel training” indicate that countries are responsible for ensuring the adequate training of personnel, at all levels, involved in planning and providing programmes and services for people with disabilities (2). This is confirmed in Article 4 of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (3). Identifying candidates for training Existing health or rehabilitation personnel could be easily trained for wheelchair provision. Possible candidates for training usually are: community health care workers, community-based rehabilitation workers, occupational therapists, physiotherapists, prosthetists, orthotists, local craftsmen and technicians. Users comprise another group of potential candidates: although they may lack professional training, users already have a fundamental understanding of their needs and may be highly motivated. Studies indicate that wheelchair skills training for manual wheelchair users is efficacious, safe and practical (4). 4
100 I guIdelInes on the provIsIon of manual wheelchaIrs In less resourced settIngs Linking with existing training programmes and schools Linking with existing rehabilitation training programmes and schools provides an opportunity to conserve resources. Links may be established with many of the training programmes currently being implemented in less-resourced settings, including community-based rehabilitation training programmes, training programmes for middle-level rehabilitation workers, occupational therapy and physiotherapy schools, and prosthetics and orthotics training schools. Existing rehabilitation training schools may offer separate programmes in wheelchair provision (exclusive training approach) (5), as well as accommodate some modules related to wheelchair provision into existing training programmes (integrated training approach). Box 4.2. examples of exclusive and integrated approaches to wheelchair-related training Exclusive training Integrated training The one-year Wheelchair Technologists Training Course at the Tanzanian Training Centre for Orthopaedic Technologists is an example of exclusive wheelchair training. Another example is the three-week courses on wheelchair prescription and wheelchair assembly offered by Mobility India. Developing modular training packages To minimize the time and financial resources required for training, it is suggested that training be developed and provided in modules at different levels, starting with basic wheelchair service delivery. After the successful completion of the first-level modules, personnel would be able to provide basic wheelchair services. Each successive level would enable personnel to provide wheelchairs for users with increasingly complex needs. Suggested content for the basic and intermediate levels are provided in Section 4.3. Recognizing that many users require more than basic wheelchair provision, it is suggested that training programmes plan that at least some personnel progress to an intermediate level of training as soon as possible. Training packages that include a trainer’s guide and student workbooks can enable training to be repeated consistently by different trainers. Such packages could be developed to support training in more than one setting, with small adaptations made to match the specific context. This approach can reduce the time required to plan and prepare training and thus help reduce the resources required. Exploring ways to ensure training is recognized At the Centre for the rehabilitation of the Paralysed in Bangladesh, training on wheelchair services is integrated into the curriculum for occupational therapy students. Also, Mobility India has integrated a three-week module on wheelchairs into its one-year training programme for rehabilitation therapy students. Recognition of skills attained is an important incentive for personnel undergoing training. It also helps to increase the perceived importance of wheelchair provision. It is therefore recommended that those developing and running training courses seek official recognition of their courses. Recognition can be sought nationally, through educational bodies such as schools providing health care or rehabilitation training, or through international professional associations or organizations.
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Manual Wheelchairs - World Health Organization

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