Manual Wheelchairs - World Health Organization

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5.1 Introduction Purpose and outputs polIcy and plannIng I 113 The purpose of the policy and planning guidelines is to develop and implement policies for costeffective and sustainable wheelchair provision. Implementation of these guidelines will lead to: • develop a national wheelchair policy; • plan wheelchair provision programmes at national level in collaboration with all stakeholders, based on identified needs; • integrate wheelchair services into existing health and rehabilitation services; • develop national standards for wheelchair provision; • calculate costs and establish sources of funding; and • link wheelchair provision with existing sectors and institutions in society. Stakeholders and resources • Stakeholders involved in policy and planning include policy-makers, planners and implementers, manufacturers and suppliers of wheelchairs, providers of wheelchair services, disabled people’s organizations and users. 5.2 Policy 5.2.1 Developing a policy A national policy on wheelchair provision can ensure that users receive wheelchairs that meet minimum requirements for safety, strength and durability and that are appropriate for their individual needs. A national policy can also ensure that wheelchairs are provided by trained personnel who know how to properly assess users’ needs and how to train users and caregivers on how to use and care for the wheelchairs. When developing a national policy, it is recommended that the following areas are considered: • issues addressed by relevant international policies (see Section 5.2.2); • design, supply, service delivery, training and user involvement (see Section 5.2.3); • funding (see Section 5.4); and • links with other sectors (see Section 5.5). To avoid a separate policy for wheelchair provision, wheelchairs can be included in a general policy for provision of assistive devices. However, specific issues related to wheelchair provision may need to be addressed in additional policy documents. 5
114 I guIdelInes on the provIsIon of manual wheelchaIrs In less resourced settIngs 5.2.2 International policies The two main international policy instruments related to wheelchair provision are: • the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities; and • the Standard Rules on the Equalization of Opportunities for Persons with Disabilities. The Convention The Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities consists of 50 articles. Articles 4, 20, 26 and 32 are particularly applicable to wheelchair provision (see Box 5.2). Box 5.2. Articles 4, 20, 26 and 32 of the Convention Article 4. General obligations 1. States Parties undertake to ensure and promote the full realization of all human rights and fundamental freedoms for all persons with disabilities without discrimination of any kind on the basis of disability. To this end, States Parties undertake: (a) To adopt all appropriate legislative, administrative and other measures for the implementation of the rights recognized in the present Convention; l (g) To undertake or promote research and development of, and to promote the availability and use of new technologies, including information and communications technologies, mobility aids, devices and assistive technologies, suitable for persons with disabilities, giving priority to technologies at an affordable cost; (h) To provide accessible information to persons with disabilities about mobility aids, devices and assistive technologies, including new technologies, as well as other forms of assistance, support services and facilities; (i) To promote the training of professionals and personnel working with persons with disabilities in the rights recognized in this Convention so as to better provide the assistance and services guaranteed by those rights. Article 20. Personal mobility States Parties shall take effective measures to ensure personal mobility with the greatest possible independence for persons with disabilities, including by: (a) Facilitating the personal mobility of persons with disabilities in the manner and at the time of their choice, and at affordable cost; (b) Facilitating access by persons with disabilities to quality mobility aids, devices, assistive technologies and forms of live assistance and intermediaries, including by making them available at affordable cost; (c) Providing training in mobility skills to persons with disabilities and to specialist personnel working with persons with disabilities; (d) encouraging entities that produce mobility aids, devices and assistive technologies to take into account all aspects of mobility for persons with disabilities. Article 26. Habilitation and rehabilitation l 3. States Parties shall promote the availability, knowledge and use of assistive devices and technologies, designed for persons with disabilities, as they relate to habilitation and rehabilitation.
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Manual Wheelchairs - World Health Organization

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