Manual Wheelchairs - World Health Organization

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2.6.1 Requirements Fig. 2.16. Testing device desIgn and productIon I 63 A wheelchair should be strong and durable enough to withstand the wear and tear placed on it by the user and to keep the user safe. Wear and tear consists of: • static forces • impacts • fatigue stresses from use over time. Simple testing device can be developed to ensure strength and durability, as shown in Fig. 2.16. The flammability of the wheelchair, the effectiveness of the brakes and the safety of the surfaces on the wheelchair also affect the safety of the user. 2
64 I guIdelInes on the provIsIon of manual wheelchaIrs In less resourced settIngs Table 2.12 provides a list of ways in which wheelchairs are used and the related strength and durability requirements for each component. Table 2.12. Wheelchair uses and required durability and strength requirements Part Need for strength, durability and safety Footrest Footrest should fold with a reasonable amount of force. Footrest should not break or bend when used to lift user and wheelchair. Footrest should not break or bend when additional passengers or packages are loaded. Footrest should not break or bend when hitting an object such as a wall or curb. Brake Brakes should stop a wheelchair from sliding when on an incline. Brakes should not suddenly release while in use. Armrest Armrest should be removable with a reasonable amount of force. Armrest should not break or bend under the user’s body weight. Armrest should not break or bend when used to lift user and wheelchair. Push handles Push handles should not break or bend when used to lift user and wheelchair. Handgrip should not slide off of push handle when user is being assisted up stairs or curb. Frame Frame should not break or bend when used on uneven terrain. Backrest and seat Backrest, seat and frame should not break or bend during transferrals or while riding on uneven terrain. Rear wheel and axle Frame, wheels or axles should not break or bend when user goes over a normal kerb. Wheels, axles or wheel-mounting hardware should not fail when user drops off kerb at angle. Axles or wheel-mounting hardware should not break or bend when under typical forces. Castor assembly Castor should not fail when the castor wheel hits an object (e.g. a curb). General Surfaces should not have sharp edges, sharp points or pinch points. Wheelchair should not be flammable, i.e. easily combustible materials should not be used. <strong>Wheelchairs</strong> should be equipped with front and rear reflecting stickers or signs for increased road safety. Miscellaneous Tipping levers should not break when assistant uses levers to tip user back. Hand rim should not break or bend when it hits an object. Wheelchair should not break when it falls or is dropped by handler loading or unloading it from bus or car. Fatigue test Wheelchair should not break in normal use.
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References polIcy and plannIng I 12
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Other resources Cooper RA. Wheelcha
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Manual Wheelchairs - World Health Organization

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