AmstradCPC6128-hypertext-en-Sinewalker

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ITAPE.IN ITAPE.IN COMMAND: Use tape as file input medium. Used if an external cassette unit is connected. . ITAPE.OUT 'TAPE.OUT COMMAND: Use tape as file output medium. Used if an external cassette unit is connected. I USER , USE R , IUSER,3 COMMAND: Determines which of up to 16 individual sections of the directory (in the rangeOto 15), disc functions (e.g. CA T, LOA D, , D I R etc.) are to be performed on. A file on one USE R number may be transferred to another, by a , RE N command. For example, 'R EN, " 1 5 : E X A M P LE. BA S " , " '" : E X A M P LE. BA S" transfers a file from USE R number '" to USE R number 1 5, although the name of the file itself (E X A M P LE. BA S) is not changed. Copying files from disc to disc AMSDOS fues with hea.ders It is possible to copy this type offile in the CP/M environment using PIP (see part 2 of this chapter). Any file created by AMSDOS which has a header record (see 'AMSDOS headers', previously described) will be copyable as a whole - disc to disc - but in general the contents of the file will not be understood by any CP/M programs. ASCIIfues Files created by AMSDOS without headers are generally in ASCII, and are both copyable and understood by CP/M programs. In particular it should be possible to exchange ASCII program files, ASCII data files and ASCII text files freely between AMSDOS and CP/M programs. AMSDOS and CP/M Chapter 5 Page 11
Read/Only files It is possible, using CP/M, to set any file to be Read/Only, and/or set to a special System status in the directory. Such attributes can only be set or reset in the CP/M environment, but are honoured by AMSDOS. For further details, see part 2 of this chapter (SET utility). Copying files between disc and cassette There is no support in CPIM Plus for accessing tape files and copying them to disc, nor for making tape files from disc. !fit is required to copy files in this way, then CP/M 2.2 (on Side 4 of your system discs package) must be used. CP/M 2.2 contains the utilities C LOA D and C S A V E for these purposes, and are used as shown in the tables ahead. File copying procedures The tables ahead cover copying files of all sorts between disc and tape (if connected). It assumes that no additional disc drive is connected. It is not possible to copy protected BASIC programs to and from tape at all, nor to copy a binary file (such as a machine code video game) to or from tape unless the load addresses are known. Further details of the programs PIP, C LOA D and C S A V E are given in part 2 ofthis chapter. See the next 2 pages for the copying tables .... Chapter 5 Page 12 AMSDOS and CP/M
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Introduction AMSTRAD CPC6128 Integr
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Contents Chapter I Foundation Cours
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Chapter 8 More about the Bank Manag
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Connecting the computer to a monito
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Switching on - CPC6128 and MP2 Modu
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( Part 2: Connecting your periphera
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Connect the end of the lead which i
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Part 3: About Discs .... The AMSTRA
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Some other compact floppy discs emp
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Type mismatch .... means that you h
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On the screen you will see: he L L
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Reset the computer to clear the mem
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The single quote mark ' (which can
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Division (use unshifted ? key for d
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Mixed Calculations (+,-,*,/) Mixed
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Part 7: Save It .... Now that you'v
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To look briefly at some of the CP/M
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Make sure that you don't close the
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On the screen you will see: Drive A
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Part 8: Understanding Modes, Colour
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So it is with the computer. Using t
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Now let's change to a new paper. Wh
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For further demonstration of the co
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Just to prove that this is on the t
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PLOT Unlike the L 0 CAT E command,
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Circles Circles can either be plott
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440 cy(st+1)=cy(st)+1.5*r(st)*COS(s
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Now reset the computer [CONTROL] [S
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Envelope Number This is the referen
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Number of Steps This parameter spec
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Typing in for example: la Load "fi
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If you have connected an additional
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Write protection Note that you will
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At the A> prompt, type: disckit3 Se
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Part 11: Introducing the Bank Manag
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The contents of Screen 1 are copied
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.... where r % is an integer variab
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I BAN K FIN D will start at the cur
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Chapter 2 Beyond FoundationslIlSlBl
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But hang on! We said that we want t
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32 PRINT " 1 • enter info" 33 PRI
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100 ON ms GOSUB 120,210,270 110 GOT
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Directing data to stream # 8 sends
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This L 0 CAT E s where the menu I N
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440 FOR x=1 TO 100 450 WRITE #9,NAM
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AFTER AFT E R [, ] GO SUB 10 AFTER
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BIN$ BIN $ ( [, ] ) PRINT BIN$(64,
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CLEAR CLEAR CLEAR COMMAND: Clears a
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CURSOR CUR S 0 R [][ , ] 10 CURSOR
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DEFINT DE FIN T
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DELETE DEL E T E DELETE 100-200 CO
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DIM D I M 10 C LS 20 DIM friend$(5
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The optional determines how the in
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Parameter 2: This parameter must b
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If2 parameters are used, these are:
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ERR ERR GOTO 500 Line does not exis
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FIX F I X ( ) PRINT FIX(9.99999) 9
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GOSUB GO SUB ,line number> GOSUB 21
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HIMEM HIMEM PRINT HIMEM 42619 FUN C
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The state of [SHIFT] and [CONTROL]
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INSTR INS T R ( [ , J , ) 10 CLS 2
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The given in the KEY command may b
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LINE INPUT L I NE IN PUT [# ,][;][
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LOG LOG ( ) PRINT LOG(9999) 9.2102
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MEMORY M EM 0 R Y MEMORY &20AA COM
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MOD MOD PRINT 10 MOD 3 1 PRINT 10
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NEW NEW NEW COMMAND: Deletes the cu
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ON GOSUB ON GO SUB
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COMMAND: GOes to a BASIC SUB-routin
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OUT OUT , OUT &FBF4,&FF COMMAND:
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PI PI PRINT PI 3.14159265 FUNCTION:
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Note that when a semicolon; is used
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String Formats 10 CLS:a$="abcdefghi
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RELEASE RE LEA S E 10 SOUND 65,100
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RESTORE RE SI 0 R E [] 10 READ a$:P
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RIGHT$ RIG H-T $ ( , ) 10 MODE 1:
Page 190: SAVE S A V E dilename>[, diletype>]
Page 193 and 194: If the parameter is zero, the soun
Page 195 and 196: SPEED KEY S P E E D KEY , 10 CLS:
Page 197 and 198: STEP (See FOR) STOP STOP 10 FOR n=1
Page 199 and 200: To allocate space in the CPC612S's
Page 201 and 202: S Y M B 0 L AFT E R will NOT operat
Page 203 and 204: TEST T EST ( , ) 10 CLS 20 PRINT
Page 205 and 206: TRorr TRON TROFF TRON 113 TROFF:PRI
Page 207 and 208: WAIT W A I T
Page 209 and 210: WINDOW SWAP WIN D 0 W SW A P , 10
Page 211 and 212: XPOS XPOS 10 MODE 1:DRAW 320,200 20
Page 213 and 214: Backup Master Discs It is most impo
Page 215 and 216: When you have only one built-in dri
Page 217 and 218: Creating a Turnkey CP/M disc As wel
Page 219: Three useful sets of keyboard codes
Page 222 and 223: Part 2: Cassettes If you wish to us
Page 224 and 225: LOAD "" LOAD "",&1F40 MERGE '"' RUN
Page 226 and 227: LIST #9 OPENOUTandCLOSEOUT PRINT #9
Page 228: If the first character of the filen
Page 231 and 232: Disc directory Every disc has two s
Page 233: Notwithstanding the contents of the
Page 236 and 237: 250 y=0:b=150:GOSUB 400 260 x=575:a
Page 238 and 239: ICPM ICPM COMMAND: Switch to altern
Page 242 and 243: cOPYTO: AMSTRADBASIC on tape * Bina
Page 244 and 245: Reference guide to AMSDOS error mes
Page 246 and 247: Part2:CP/M CP/MPlus Subjects covere
Page 248 and 249: Profile files can be constructed us
Page 250 and 251: Switching default drives If you hav
Page 252 and 253: Transient commands To perform more
Page 254 and 255: Colour Hex Decimal Colour Hex Decim
Page 256 and 257: The commands: .... or .... SET24X80
Page 258 and 259: PIP KEYBOARD.CPM=KEYS.CCP .... make
Page 260 and 261: Each disc can be assigned a label,
Page 262 and 263: Advanced programming Side 2 of your
Page 265 and 266: The program is menu-driven and when
Page 268 and 269: Chapter 6 Introduction to L This Se
Page 270 and 271: First Steps .... The? prompt tells
Page 274 and 275: Occasionally, when nearly all the n
Page 276 and 277: count Outputs the number of element
Page 278 and 279: * Iput (lastput) Outputs a new obje
Page 280 and 281: wordp Outputs T RUE if the input ob
Page 282 and 283: sin Outputs the sine of the input n
Page 284 and 285: Outputs T RUE if the first word is
Page 286 and 287: pots (print out titles) Displays th
Page 288 and 289: pr (print) Displays the input objec
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* dotc Outputs the colour number of
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* setscrunch Sets the graphic scree
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ht (hide turtle) Makes the turtle i
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* setx Moves the turtle's horizonta
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Property Lists: glist (get list) Ou
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* dirpic Outputs a list of picture
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keyp Outputs T RUE if a character h
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ent Set up a tone envelope. The for
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* nob'ace Turns offtrace monitoring
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RE DE FP When T RUE allows re-defin
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BASIC Control characters Value Name
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Value Name Parameter Meaning &14 20
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If you are tempted to PO K E around
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Machine specific BASIC graphics cha
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69 &H45 &X01000101 • 73 &H49 &X01
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109 &H6D &X01101101 113 &H71 &X0111
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149 &H95 &X10010101 153 &H99 &X1001
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189 &HBD &)(10111101 193 &HC1 &)(11
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229 &HE5 &)(11100101 233 &HE9 &)(11
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Part 4: I{ey references Default ASC
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Part 5: Sound Notes and tone period
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NOTE FREQUENCY PERIOD RELATIVE ERRO
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17 Cannot CONTinue For one reason o
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AMSDOS error DERR value Cause of er
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GOSUB, GOTO, GRAPHICS HEX$, HIMEM I
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Printer Port VIEWED FROM REAR 17 16
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CHR$ Character Printer U.K. U.S.A.
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Part 14: Memory The CPC6128 contain
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It is intended that the part of the
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[ESC]b CPC6128 Colour bits [ESC]c
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ChapterS More out the Bank anagerll
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The command: I S eRE ENS W A P , [
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The specifies which record is writ
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Beware the mismatch .... Obvious er
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Chapter 9 At your leisure .... This
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The BASIC in your Amstrad computer
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Whose afraid of the jargon? As with
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If this process sounds cumbersome,
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Reconsidering the table that introd
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Some of the characters that you wil
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(Each character has a corresponding
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PRINT 10 AND 1000 Results in 8 agai
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Print formatting The PR I N T comma
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PRINT USING "\ test s \";"test stri
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Each of the following commands may
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.... and you will see that the 4th
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Usmgdata .... In a program that alw
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10 DIM a(5),b(5),s$(5) 20 FOR ;=1 T
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The sound of music .... Of all the
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Unless you are a very slow typist,
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Relative Volume Change 15 14 13 10
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The final part that can be added on
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In a complete program that may be m
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24111 IF p1$="." THEN ch1%=I1I:RETU
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Now RUN, and once again the dotted
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Ink modes It is possible to draw us
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10 REM latch animation 20 ON BREAK
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1410 I B 1420 IF fLag=2 THEN 1470 1
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2240 CLS:undraw=0:PRINT cmnd$(ro);:
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From then on, simply press the appr
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ppendixl Digital Research & AMSTRAD
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6. Registration Card DRI may from t
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ALU Arithmetic Logic Unit. The part
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Base The prime numeric consideratio
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Built-in commands Commands that are
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Compiler A complex program that con
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Download The transfer of informatio
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Gate Logical gates permit the passa
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Interpreter A further extension of
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Machine Code The programming langua
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Numeric keypad The area on the keyb
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Pixel The smallest accessible area
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Raster A system of 'writing' on the
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Software Programs themselves. May b
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Transient program A CP/M utility pr
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Appendix 3 Some Programs For You ..
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Bomber A variation on a classic the
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Telly tennis The one that started i
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75" PRINT" A 6 UP" 76" PRINT" Z 3 D
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760 ' 770 pwpe=(p1wp=p2wp):IF p1sa
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1540 1550 1560 1570 1580 1590 1600
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1130 IF VRX%=0 GOTO 890 1140 IF P%(
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2290 IF C%(J%,IC%)=6 GOTO 2310 2300
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3010 DATA 310,355,310,375,350,355,3
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1160 RETURN 1170 ON rm GOTO 1180,11
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2410 ' 2420 'Draw switches 2430 ' 2
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c I BANKREAD ......................
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D DATA ............................
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I IBM format ......................
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N o MID$ ..........................
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RETURN key ........................
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T Switching on ....................
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x y WORD ..........................
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