AmstradCPC6128-hypertext-en-Sinewalker

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Part ID: Introducing AMSDOS and CP/M .... What is AMSDOS? .... When the computer is switched on or reset, the system defaults to operation under 'AMSDOS'. AMSDOS is an abbreviation of AMStrad ,Disc Operating System, and offers the following file handling commands and functions: LOAD "fi lename" RUN "filename" SAVE IIf; lename" CHAIN "fi lename" MERGE "fi lename" CHAIN MERGE "fi lename" OPENIN "fi lename" OPENOUT "fi lename" CLOSEIN CLOSEOUT CAT EOF INPUT #9 LINE ,INPUT #9 LIST #9 PRINT #9 WRITE #9 In addition, AMSDOS provides a number of extra commands for disc management. These commands are called external commands, and are preceded with a bar symbol I. (You will find the I symbol by holding down [SHIFT] and pressing the (j} key.) Some of the more common external commands that you will use are: la Ib I tap e (which can be sub-divided into I tap e • i n and I tap e • 0 ut) Id; s c (which can be sub-divided into I d i se. i n and Id; se. 0 ut) The commands I a and I b are used on a 2-drive system, to tell the computer which drive to direct any subsequent disc command. Foundation Course Chapter 1 Page 75
Typing in for example: la Load "fi Lename" .... will tell the computer to load the specified program from a disc placed in Drive A. If neither I a nor I b is entered or the computer is reset, the system will default to Drive A. If you are t'sing only the disc drive within the computer, this can be regarded as Drive A, and I a or I b commands need not be issued. Entering I b when no additional disc drive is connected, will result in the message on the screen: Drive B: disc missing Retry, Ignore or CanceL to which you should respond C (to Cancel). What if I want to use cassette? ... The command I tap e tells the computer to perform all loading and saving etc., commands to an external cassette unit instead of to disc. Unless I tap e is entered, the computer will always default to disc operation when switched on or reset. To return to disc operation after I tap e has been specified, type in: Idisc Alternatively, you may for example wish to load in from cassette and save out to disc. You may then use the command: Itape.in This command tells the computer to read data in from cassette, but continue to write data out onto disc (by default). Similarly, to read data in from disc and save out onto cassette, you will first need to type in: I d i se. into countermand the previously issued I tap e • i n (above), then: I tap e • 0 ut to tell the computer to write data out onto cassette. It can be seen therefore that I tap e • i n and I tap e • 0 u t countermand I d i se. i n and I d i se. 0 ut respectively, and vice versa. Further information on directing data to and from discs (and cassette), will be found in the chapters entitled 'Using Discs and Cassettes' and 'AMSDOS and CP/M' (Chapters 4 and 5). Chapter 1 Page 76 Foundation Course
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Introduction AMSTRAD CPC6128 Integr
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Contents Chapter I Foundation Cours
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Chapter 8 More about the Bank Manag
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Connecting the computer to a monito
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Switching on - CPC6128 and MP2 Modu
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( Part 2: Connecting your periphera
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Connect the end of the lead which i
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Part 3: About Discs .... The AMSTRA
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Some other compact floppy discs emp
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Type mismatch .... means that you h
Page 36 and 37: On the screen you will see: he L L
Page 39: Reset the computer to clear the mem
Page 44: The single quote mark ' (which can
Page 47 and 48: Division (use unshifted ? key for d
Page 49 and 50: Mixed Calculations (+,-,*,/) Mixed
Page 51 and 52: Part 7: Save It .... Now that you'v
Page 53 and 54: To look briefly at some of the CP/M
Page 55 and 56: Make sure that you don't close the
Page 57 and 58: On the screen you will see: Drive A
Page 60 and 61: Part 8: Understanding Modes, Colour
Page 63 and 64: So it is with the computer. Using t
Page 65 and 66: Now let's change to a new paper. Wh
Page 67 and 68: For further demonstration of the co
Page 69 and 70: Just to prove that this is on the t
Page 71 and 72: PLOT Unlike the L 0 CAT E command,
Page 73: Circles Circles can either be plott
Page 80 and 81: 440 cy(st+1)=cy(st)+1.5*r(st)*COS(s
Page 82 and 83: Now reset the computer [CONTROL] [S
Page 84 and 85: Envelope Number This is the referen
Page 86: Number of Steps This parameter spec
Page 91 and 92: If you have connected an additional
Page 93 and 94: Write protection Note that you will
Page 95 and 96: At the A> prompt, type: disckit3 Se
Page 97 and 98: Part 11: Introducing the Bank Manag
Page 99 and 100: The contents of Screen 1 are copied
Page 101: .... where r % is an integer variab
Page 104 and 105: I BAN K FIN D will start at the cur
Page 106 and 107: Chapter 2 Beyond FoundationslIlSlBl
Page 108: But hang on! We said that we want t
Page 111 and 112: 32 PRINT " 1 • enter info" 33 PRI
Page 113 and 114: 100 ON ms GOSUB 120,210,270 110 GOT
Page 115 and 116: Directing data to stream # 8 sends
Page 117 and 118: This L 0 CAT E s where the menu I N
Page 119 and 120: 440 FOR x=1 TO 100 450 WRITE #9,NAM
Page 123 and 124: AFTER AFT E R [, ] GO SUB 10 AFTER
Page 125 and 126: BIN$ BIN $ ( [, ] ) PRINT BIN$(64,
Page 128: CLEAR CLEAR CLEAR COMMAND: Clears a
Page 131 and 132: CURSOR CUR S 0 R [][ , ] 10 CURSOR
Page 133 and 134: DEFINT DE FIN T
Page 135 and 136: DELETE DEL E T E DELETE 100-200 CO
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DIM D I M 10 C LS 20 DIM friend$(5
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The optional determines how the in
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Parameter 2: This parameter must b
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If2 parameters are used, these are:
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ERR ERR GOTO 500 Line does not exis
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FIX F I X ( ) PRINT FIX(9.99999) 9
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GOSUB GO SUB ,line number> GOSUB 21
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HIMEM HIMEM PRINT HIMEM 42619 FUN C
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The state of [SHIFT] and [CONTROL]
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INSTR INS T R ( [ , J , ) 10 CLS 2
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The given in the KEY command may b
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LINE INPUT L I NE IN PUT [# ,][;][
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LOG LOG ( ) PRINT LOG(9999) 9.2102
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MEMORY M EM 0 R Y MEMORY &20AA COM
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MOD MOD PRINT 10 MOD 3 1 PRINT 10
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NEW NEW NEW COMMAND: Deletes the cu
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ON GOSUB ON GO SUB
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COMMAND: GOes to a BASIC SUB-routin
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OUT OUT , OUT &FBF4,&FF COMMAND:
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PI PI PRINT PI 3.14159265 FUNCTION:
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Note that when a semicolon; is used
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String Formats 10 CLS:a$="abcdefghi
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RELEASE RE LEA S E 10 SOUND 65,100
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RESTORE RE SI 0 R E [] 10 READ a$:P
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RIGHT$ RIG H-T $ ( , ) 10 MODE 1:
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SAVE S A V E dilename>[, diletype>]
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If the parameter is zero, the soun
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SPEED KEY S P E E D KEY , 10 CLS:
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STEP (See FOR) STOP STOP 10 FOR n=1
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To allocate space in the CPC612S's
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S Y M B 0 L AFT E R will NOT operat
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TEST T EST ( , ) 10 CLS 20 PRINT
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TRorr TRON TROFF TRON 113 TROFF:PRI
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WAIT W A I T
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WINDOW SWAP WIN D 0 W SW A P , 10
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XPOS XPOS 10 MODE 1:DRAW 320,200 20
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Backup Master Discs It is most impo
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When you have only one built-in dri
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Creating a Turnkey CP/M disc As wel
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Three useful sets of keyboard codes
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Part 2: Cassettes If you wish to us
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LOAD "" LOAD "",&1F40 MERGE '"' RUN
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LIST #9 OPENOUTandCLOSEOUT PRINT #9
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If the first character of the filen
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Disc directory Every disc has two s
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Notwithstanding the contents of the
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250 y=0:b=150:GOSUB 400 260 x=575:a
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ICPM ICPM COMMAND: Switch to altern
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ITAPE.IN ITAPE.IN COMMAND: Use tape
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cOPYTO: AMSTRADBASIC on tape * Bina
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Reference guide to AMSDOS error mes
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Part2:CP/M CP/MPlus Subjects covere
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Profile files can be constructed us
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Switching default drives If you hav
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Transient commands To perform more
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Colour Hex Decimal Colour Hex Decim
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The commands: .... or .... SET24X80
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PIP KEYBOARD.CPM=KEYS.CCP .... make
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Each disc can be assigned a label,
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Advanced programming Side 2 of your
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The program is menu-driven and when
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Chapter 6 Introduction to L This Se
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First Steps .... The? prompt tells
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Occasionally, when nearly all the n
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count Outputs the number of element
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* Iput (lastput) Outputs a new obje
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wordp Outputs T RUE if the input ob
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sin Outputs the sine of the input n
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Outputs T RUE if the first word is
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pots (print out titles) Displays th
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pr (print) Displays the input objec
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* dotc Outputs the colour number of
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* setscrunch Sets the graphic scree
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ht (hide turtle) Makes the turtle i
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* setx Moves the turtle's horizonta
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Property Lists: glist (get list) Ou
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* dirpic Outputs a list of picture
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keyp Outputs T RUE if a character h
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ent Set up a tone envelope. The for
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* nob'ace Turns offtrace monitoring
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RE DE FP When T RUE allows re-defin
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BASIC Control characters Value Name
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Value Name Parameter Meaning &14 20
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If you are tempted to PO K E around
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Machine specific BASIC graphics cha
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69 &H45 &X01000101 • 73 &H49 &X01
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109 &H6D &X01101101 113 &H71 &X0111
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149 &H95 &X10010101 153 &H99 &X1001
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189 &HBD &)(10111101 193 &HC1 &)(11
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229 &HE5 &)(11100101 233 &HE9 &)(11
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Part 4: I{ey references Default ASC
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Part 5: Sound Notes and tone period
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NOTE FREQUENCY PERIOD RELATIVE ERRO
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17 Cannot CONTinue For one reason o
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AMSDOS error DERR value Cause of er
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GOSUB, GOTO, GRAPHICS HEX$, HIMEM I
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Printer Port VIEWED FROM REAR 17 16
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CHR$ Character Printer U.K. U.S.A.
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Part 14: Memory The CPC6128 contain
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It is intended that the part of the
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[ESC]b CPC6128 Colour bits [ESC]c
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ChapterS More out the Bank anagerll
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The command: I S eRE ENS W A P , [
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The specifies which record is writ
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Beware the mismatch .... Obvious er
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Chapter 9 At your leisure .... This
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The BASIC in your Amstrad computer
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Whose afraid of the jargon? As with
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If this process sounds cumbersome,
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Reconsidering the table that introd
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Some of the characters that you wil
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(Each character has a corresponding
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PRINT 10 AND 1000 Results in 8 agai
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Print formatting The PR I N T comma
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PRINT USING "\ test s \";"test stri
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Each of the following commands may
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.... and you will see that the 4th
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Usmgdata .... In a program that alw
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10 DIM a(5),b(5),s$(5) 20 FOR ;=1 T
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The sound of music .... Of all the
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Unless you are a very slow typist,
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Relative Volume Change 15 14 13 10
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The final part that can be added on
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In a complete program that may be m
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24111 IF p1$="." THEN ch1%=I1I:RETU
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Now RUN, and once again the dotted
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Ink modes It is possible to draw us
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10 REM latch animation 20 ON BREAK
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1410 I B 1420 IF fLag=2 THEN 1470 1
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2240 CLS:undraw=0:PRINT cmnd$(ro);:
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From then on, simply press the appr
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ppendixl Digital Research & AMSTRAD
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6. Registration Card DRI may from t
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ALU Arithmetic Logic Unit. The part
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Base The prime numeric consideratio
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Built-in commands Commands that are
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Compiler A complex program that con
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Download The transfer of informatio
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Gate Logical gates permit the passa
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Interpreter A further extension of
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Machine Code The programming langua
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Numeric keypad The area on the keyb
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Pixel The smallest accessible area
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Raster A system of 'writing' on the
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Software Programs themselves. May b
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Transient program A CP/M utility pr
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Appendix 3 Some Programs For You ..
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Bomber A variation on a classic the
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Telly tennis The one that started i
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75" PRINT" A 6 UP" 76" PRINT" Z 3 D
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760 ' 770 pwpe=(p1wp=p2wp):IF p1sa
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1540 1550 1560 1570 1580 1590 1600
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1130 IF VRX%=0 GOTO 890 1140 IF P%(
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2290 IF C%(J%,IC%)=6 GOTO 2310 2300
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3010 DATA 310,355,310,375,350,355,3
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1160 RETURN 1170 ON rm GOTO 1180,11
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2410 ' 2420 'Draw switches 2430 ' 2
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c I BANKREAD ......................
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D DATA ............................
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I IBM format ......................
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N o MID$ ..........................
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RETURN key ........................
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T Switching on ....................
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x y WORD ..........................
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